UGC112 1st Edition Lecture 8 Outline of Current Lecture I. Race and its Impacta. Seven Main Points for TodayII. North AmericaIII. Inner and Middle Passagesa. What Were the Consequences?IV. Effects on AsiaV. Where Was the World’s Wealth in 1500?VI. TimelineCurrent LectureI. Race and its ImpactAfrica, North America and the East IndiesHow many traces do they carry? Etc. Major effect was in the Americas; it was the continent that received the most slaves. The most significant economic development came in the western hemisphere. East Indies—rise of VOC one of the greatest trading companiesSeven Main Points for Today- Global integration and political systemsEmpires are diverse, complicated and different- Transformation in the Americas- Slavery and African Societieso Loss of millions of lives, economic development was set back significantly- Global trade and Asian Dynasties- Shift in Center of Power, Europeo Southern Europe, area around Venice. Area called Silk Road, taking advantage of trade across Med. Economic power shifted to Netherlands.- Persistence of RacismThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.- Long-standing Economic GapsToday’s Language Exploration: Naked Goddess/good morning—“Nanga dev” Hindi. Comes from a language spoken in Africa, and it means “Good morning.” Wolof (Senegal) Senegal is the western most part of Africa.*Decar—place where slaves were kept before being shipped to Europe and New World. This word means “House of Slaves.” Worth visiting if you have opportunity.Conclusions we can draw from map: silver flow is coming from Europe. The silver got to Europe from the Americas and ends up in China. China was caught up in some major inflation. China needed silver because it was being drawn equally into thisAll the trade is basically European New Spain: Fernando PoNote how colonial possessions have already been marked on the mapII. North AmericaThere were five major colonizers that we can find in the North American area. French were the major colonizer. The US bought Florida in 1819. That basically leaves the English. o The Dutcho Not many Dutch places on the map. Brooklyn, NYo Grabbed parts of South America. Had islands in the West Indies, the ABCo The Frencho Followed two great river systems of eastern and central America: St. Lawrence (outlet for the Great Lakes, one of the major avenues for traders to come in) The Mississippio The Englisho From Maine to Georgia o The Spanisho New Spain includes many states. New Mexico, California, Colorado, Montanao Caribbeano Dutch had major three islands: o Sugar trade was importantIII. Inner and Middle PassagesInner Passage—in Africa itself, families were ripped apart just to feed desire for cheapestpossible labor. Senegal, Angola, NigeriaMillions more died en-routeConditions were horrendous and slavery consumed people.o Ocean Trade Both waysTriangular trade: sugar, rum, slaves. There was a back and forth trade between Europe and the Americas. There was a relative equilibrium.o Who traded? Countries that had major holdings in the western hemisphere. The Spanish enslaved theAmerindians. French brought in slaves to the West Indies. The British were the big traders of all. What Were the Consequences?o Deepening of ethnic splits, sharpened differences between groups. o Wide-scale corruption (continues today in Africa)o Existing political systems collapsed.Social/Gender:¾ of the income gap resulted from slavery. Plus, slaves were predominantly men. The young andhealthy were grabbed because they were the ones who could survive. The map shows the direction of slave trade. --Nigeria—most populous country in Africa--Senegal--Note the red arrows that show Africans being taken across the Atlantic into the Arabian Peninsula in to the ottoman empire, north Africa etc. 5 directions of trade if we count them up..IV. Effects on Asia Dutch East India Company (VOC)—one of the most successful trading companies ever known. Helped Netherlands? They became the richest country in the worldThis was basically because the East Indies, now Indonesia, was incorporated into the Dutch empire. Aims?What are the aims of the company? Maximize profits. Traders were given a lot of latitude. Could impose particularly cruel kinds of rule; bad news for Indonesia. Used to uproot crops etc. What was traded? Low weight, high value items such as nutmeg and other spicesFrying, drying, canning (19th century it started), curing, smoking, pickling, preserve in alcohol: ways that food was preserved for long periods of time.V. Where was the world’s wealth in 1500?Each country is shown on a standard scale in wealth per person. Observations/comments on map?—small country that looks wealthy:Japan Another small country that has a lot of wealth: Mexico. France, Belgium, Netherlands. What might be an area/country that has lots of people but is relatively poor? Brazil or the Aztec Empire in Mexico. RussiaAlmost all of Africa, Nigeria stands out because it has lots of people. VI. TimelineTimeline carries very important information:Political and economic problems in China: 1600-1640sEnglish East India Company established: 1602Massive expansion of the Atlantic slave trade: 1600-1800Tokugawa Shogunate founded in Japan: 1603 English establish Jamestown colony: 1607Thirty Years’ War: 1618-1648Dutch seize Melaka from Portuguese: 1641Ming dynasty falls to the Qing: