HIST 1312 1st Edition Lecture 15 Outline of Last Lecture I McKinley s Presidency A Extraterritoriality B Opium War C Boxer Rebellion D Open Door Notes II Election of 1900 A McKinley and Roosevelt B McKinley s Assassination Outline of Current Lecture I Roosevelt s Foreign Affairs A Speak Softly and Carry a Big Stick B German Venezuelan Crisis C Roosevelt Corollary to Monroe Doctrine D Russo Japanese War E North Africa Germany and France II Panama Canal A Hay Pauncefote Treaty B Hay Herran Treaty C Hay Bunau Varilla Treaty D Walter Reed s U S Army Medical Team E U S Army Corps of Engineers Current Lecture l A Roosevelt s Foreign Affairs Philosophy was to speak softly and carry a big stick Speak softly meant to speak diplomatically and expect negotiation Carry a big stick referred to having a big military so their enemies want to talk and negotiate and not want to antagonize us B Venezuela was an oil rich country and Germany was the country where most of the money was coming from Venezuela completely stopped making payments to German bankers The bankers tried to negotiate with the Venezuelan government but they wouldn t pay anything so the bankers turned to the German government So the German government sends down warships to Venezuela These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor s lecture GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes not as a substitute C Roosevelt sends a message to German government and creates a corollary saying European powers have to stay out If they have a problem with someone in the western hemisphere they had to go to the U S So Germany turns their battleships around and the U S sends in marines to take over custom houses so they could eventually pay Germany off over a 5 year period U S was the 1 country buying Venezuela s oil D In the Russo Japanese War Russia and Japan were in a war over control of natural resources specifically Manchuria They also were fighting over fishing rights in certain islands Roosevelt offered to be a mediator and end this war He asked for representatives to come to New Hampshire and they come to terms Because of this he s the first U S president to ever win the Nobel Peace Prize E Germany and France were arguing over who gets North Africa where the oil is very rich France has deeper ties with North Africa but Germany wants the resources Representatives from Germany and France meet Roosevelt in Spain Roosevelt wants to give North Africa to France because he knows France will trade with us and if he gave it to Germany they would keep it for themselves Germany is upset about this and it shows in World War 1 ll The Panama Canal is the 1 foreign policy issue at this time Panama is a district of Colombia when France decides they want to build a canal there They make a deal with Colombia saying they only have so many years to build it but Panama is a different landscape It s tropical so when it rains there s mud slides and workers are dying from yellow fever They also did not realize that the sea level was higher on the Pacific Ocean side and lower on the Gulf of Mexico side This could flood all of Panama if they opened the canal and France did not have the technology to stop it France is getting close to the end of their contract and they turn to Roosevelt for help A In the 1850 s we signed a treaty with Britain that said if we built a canal it would be joint with Britain so we would pay the same prices as the other Roosevelt asks Britain if they want to help us build this canal and Britain says no so Roosevelt negotiates and the British agree to let us build the canal in Panama as long as they got the same toll rates as us when they had to use the canal This was the Hay Pauncefote Treaty B The Hay Herran Treaty was between the U S and Colombia stating that we d give them 10 million as a down payment covering France s dues and we would get the exclusive right to build the canal The U S agreed to pay 250 000 a year and they would get a 6 mile strip of Panamanian land Colombia got greedy and wanted the money America was going to pay France C The Panamanian people wanted to declare independence with U S help so we sent our battleships into Panama and they declared their independence and we recognize it The Hay Bunau Varilla Treaty is between the U S and Panama and it states that we give a 10 million down payment 250 000 a year and the U S would get a 10 mile strip of land in Panama D Walter Reed was the head of the U S Army Medical Team and he was supposed to find out where and what the yellow fever came from He believes it was from mosquitoes so he has an infected mosquito bite him and he dies He wrote everything in his journal though so people discovered it was the mosquito so they could spray to kill the threat E The U S Army Corps Of Engineers built the Panama Canal To take care of the difference in sea levels they have lochs that raise ships up to the next sea level This government project was completed in 1915 and it was ahead of schedule and under budget This was the last American project that was like this