Carolyn Z. Gillay, Bette A. Peat, WUGXP Command LineFranklin, Beedle & Associates, Inc. 2002 © Page 5COPYXCOPYInstructor: Prof. Michael P. Harris Chapter 7Answers to Discussion Questions Using ATTRIB, SUBST, XCOPY, DOSKEY, & EditChapter 7Using ATTRIB, SUBST, XCOPY, DOSKEY, and EDITANSWERS TO DISCUSSION QUESTIONS (pp. 361-362)1. What is the purpose and function of the ATTRIB command?The ATTRIB command displays file attributes and also allows the user to alter (manipulate) any file attribute for any specific file or files.2. Give two parameters for the ATTRIB command and describe the function and purpose of each.Any two of the following would be correct:+ = Sets attribute- = Removes attributeR (Read-only) = Makes a file unable to be altered or deleted.A (Archive) = Displays and sets the backup history of a file.S (System file) = Marks a file as a system file. Usually MSDOS.SYS and IO.SYSH (Hidden file) = Hides filename. Will not display file name in normal DIR mode./S = Processes matching files in the current folder and all subfolders./D = Processes folders as well.3. What are file attributes?File attributes control the way the OS and other applications are able to work with files. There are four file attributes: system file, hidden file, read-only file, and the archive status of a file.4. What effect does a file marked "hidden" have for a user? How can you “unhide” the file?The file will not be displayed when using the DIR command. Since the file is not displayed it can be deleted, copied, or renamed. Once hidden, a file can be unhid by usingthe ATTRIB command with the -H parameter.5. What does a file marked "read-only" mean to a user?The user cannot delete, overwrite, or edit a file if it is marked "read-only" unless the user first uses ATTRIB -R <filename>.Carolyn Z. Gillay, Bette A. Peat, WUGXP Command LineFranklin, Beedle & Associates, Inc. 2002 © Page 1Instructor: Prof. Michael P. Harris Chapter 7Answers to Discussion Questions Using ATTRIB, SUBST, XCOPY, DOSKEY, & Edit6. What is the function of the archive bit?The archive attribute indicates the backup history of a file (whether or not a file has been backed up). If the A attribute is set is set (on) the archive bit knows whether the file has changed since the last time it was copied. 7. What is the purpose of the SUBST command?The SUBST command allows a directory path to be assigned to a logical drive letter that permits easier access to long paths since they can be accessed with just a drive letter. 8. Under what circumstances would the SUBST command be useful?The SUBST command is useful for simplifying long path names, installing programs that do not recognize a subdirectory but do recognize a disk drive, and for deriving information from a drive that a program does not recognize.9. What is the purpose of the XCOPY command?The XCOPY command can be used to copy files that exist in different subdirectories, as well as to copy the contents of a subdirectory including both files and subdirectories beneath the parent subdirectory. This command allows you to specify a drive as a source and assumes that you wish to copy all the files on the drive. XCOPY will not copy system files or hidden files.10. What advantages does the XCOPY command have over the COPY command?COPYAlways available as it is an internal command.Useful for backing up files from hard disk directories to floppy disks.Copies one file at a time (even with wild cards) so it is slow.When copying file the new copy does not have same attributes as source file.XCOPYCopies both files and subdirectories.Copies files specifically by date and only files that have changed since last time XCOPY was used.Can recreate subdirectory structures and can copy files with attribute bit set.Provides overwrite protection.By default will not copy system or hidden files but can be used to perform file operations on them.Faster than COPY because it reads all source files into memory and then copies them as one group of files.Carolyn Z. Gillay, Bette A. Peat, WUGXP Command LineFranklin, Beedle & Associates, Inc. 2002 © Page 2Instructor: Prof. Michael P. Harris Chapter 7Answers to Discussion Questions Using ATTRIB, SUBST, XCOPY, DOSKEY, & Edit11. List four XCOPY parameters, and explain their function and their syntax.XCOPY source [destination] [/A | /M][/D [: date]] [/P] [/S [/E]] [/V] [/W] [/C] [/I] [/Q] [/F] [/L][/H] [/R] [/T] [/U] [/K] [/N] [O] [/X] [/Y] [/-Y] [/Z] [/EXCLUDE:file1 [+file2] [+file3]…]Listed below are the parameters. However, the ones students have been working with are:/S = Copy directories/subdirectories except empty ones/H = Copy hidden and system files/R = Overwrite read-only files/I = If destination does not exist & copying more than one file, assumes directory destination /E - copy empty directories/K = Keep file attributes – automatically reset read-only attributes/L = Display files that would be copied/D = Copy by dateSource = Specifies file(s) to copy.Destination = Specifies the location and/or name of new files./A = Copies files with the archive attribute set, doesn't change the attribute./M = Copies files with the archive attribute set, turns off the archive attribute./D:date = Copies files changed on or after the specified date.No date given - copies only files whose source time newer than the destination time./EXCLUDE: file1 [+file2] [+file3]… = Species list of files containing strings –If string match any part of absolute path of file to be copied file will excluded from being copied./P = Prompts before creating each destination file./S = Copies directories and subdirectories except for empty ones./P = Prompt before creating each destination file./S = Copies directories and subdirectories except empty ones./E = Copies directories and subdirectories, including empty ones. Same as /S /E. May be used to modify /T./V = Verifies each new file./W = Prompts to press key before copying./C = Continues copying even if errors occur./I = If destination does not exist & copying more than one file, assumes destination must be a directory./Q = File names not displayed when copying./F = Displays full source and destination file names while copying./L = Displays files that would be copied./H = Copies hidden/system files also./R = Overwrites read-only files.Carolyn Z. Gillay, Bette A. Peat, WUGXP Command