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DMC ITSC 1405 - Chapter 3 Disks and Formatting

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CHAPTER OUTLINETEACHING SUGGESTIONSWHY FORMAT A DISK?PARTITIONING AND FORMATTING DISKSTHE STRUCTURE OF A DISKTHE MASTER BOOT RECORD AND THE BOOT SECTORFAT16, VFAT, AND FAT32THE ROOT DIRECTORYTHE FAT AND THE ROOT DIRECTORYTHE DATA PORTION OR THE FILES AREAUNDERSTANDING THE FAT AND THE ROOT DIRECTORY TABLENTFSCLUSTERS AND NTFSMASTER FILE TABLE (MFT)DECIDING ON A FILE SYSTEMCLARIFYING PROCEDURESACTIVITY—FORMATTING A FLOPPY DISKFORMATTING A DISK WITH A VOLUME LABELACTIVITY—USING THE /V OPTIONTHE LABEL COMMANDACTIVITY—USING THE LABEL COMMANDFORMATTING A DISK USING THE /Q PARAMETERACTIVITY—USING THE /Q PARAMETERSECTION 3.3 (p. 107)Instructor: Prof. Michael P. Harris Chapter 3ITSC 1405 – Intro to PC Operating Systems Disks and FormattingChapter 3Disks and FormattingLECTURE NOTESCHAPTER OUTLINE TEACHING SUGGESTIONSCHAPTER OVERVIEW- The need for formatting a disk will be discussed. - The difference between partitioning and formatting a disk will be explained.- The structure of a disk will be described.- Will learn to format a disk, electronically label it, and then learn how to change the label.- Various file systems will be compared and contrasted.- Some of the parameters that can be used with the FORMAT command will be discussed and then used with the FORMAT command.WHY FORMAT A DISK?- Why Format a Disk?- Disks.- Used for permanently storing data and programs.- Makes it possible to distribute data from one computer to another.- Initializing/formatting disk is process of preparing disk so it is compatible with OS.- OS sets up guidelines for reading from/writing to a disk.- System utility command (FORMAT.COM) used to prepare a disk for use.- All disks, including hard disk, must be formatted.- Floppy disks.- Most purchased today are preformatted- Can purchase nonformatted disks - - Slides 27 Chapter Overview duplicated in PowerPoint slides. After completion of lecture, suggest to students that they review Objectives and Outcomes found on first page of chapter as a check to see if they have mastered concepts.SECTION 3.1 (p.96)- Slides 8-10  Although the FORMAT command works forboth hard and floppy disks, this text deals only with formatting floppy disks. FORMAT command can also be accessed from GUI.- Discussion Question (1) - What purpose do disks serve?- Discussion Question (2) - Why must you format a disk?Carolyn Z. Gillay, Bette A. Peat, Windows XP Command Line Page 1Franklin, Beedle & Associates ©2003 ISBN: 1-887902-82-1Instructor: Prof. Michael P. Harris Chapter 3ITSC 1405 – Intro to PC Operating Systems Disks and Formattingusually less expensive.- Disks that contain obsolete information can be reformatted.- Purchase new hard disk – must be formatted.- Hard disks are typically formatted once,when they are new.PARTITIONING AND FORMATTING DISKS- Partitioning and Formatting Disks- Disk must be prepared prior to use.- Hard disk - special process.- Divided into logical divisions (partitioned).- Then formatted with file system.- Partition terms.- Primary Partition = section of a hard disk.- Hard disk limited to four primary partitions per physical disk.- Partition table. - Located in first physical sector.- Tell where each partition begins/ends.- Identifies - Type of file system for each partition.- If partition is bootable.- Volume - Each partition on drive called a Volume.- Has own volume label.- Active Partition.- Can boot only from active partition.- Hard disk limited to four primary partitions per physical disk.- Extended partition.- Only one primary partition can be an extended partition.- Can contain logical drives (volumes).- Dual booting system (system with 2 OSs)- Create partition for each OS.- Only one OS active at a time.- Boot computer from partition where OSis located.- Each OS formats disks in own way.SECTION 3.2 (pp. 96-97)- Slides 11-16 Partitioning = Physically dividing section of hard disk from other sections of disk & then having OS treat that section as if it were a separate unit. Formatting = Preparing disk for use.- Can refer to way data looks in a document. Most hard disks have single partition encompassing entire hard drive. Partitioned disk allocates fixed amount of space to each partition.- Each partition marked with OS. Initializing the disk = Process of preparing adisk so that it will be compatible with an operating system. Acronyms.- FAT – File allocation table.- NTFS - New Technology File System.- CDFS - Compact Disc File System.- UDF - Universal Disk Format. Wintel (Windows/Intel) – computer that has an Intel or clone-Intel processor and is running Windows OS. Most hard disks and floppy disks are preformatted for use. Text deals only with formatting floppy disks. Basic disk = Physical disk that contains partitions and/or extended partitions with logical drives and a partition table.Carolyn Z. Gillay, Bette A. Peat, Windows XP Command Line Page 2Franklin, Beedle & Associates ©2003 ISBN: 1-887902-82-1Instructor: Prof. Michael P. Harris Chapter 3ITSC 1405 – Intro to PC Operating Systems Disks and Formatting- Depending on OS used and file system selected may be able to recognize other drive but no read files on it.- Precautions in running multiple OS- W95 and W98 in multiple-boot configuration – not compatible.- Order of installation important.- Specific information to install multiple OS beyond scope of book. - File system - organizational scheme of OS.- OS prepares disk to be read from and written to them.- OS is what makes one computer compatible with another.- Process of preparing disk - formatting or initializing disk.- Focusing on Windows-based formatting.- WXP supports four file systems.- NTFS.- Three FAT file systems (FAT12, FAT16,and FAT32).- FAT12 – used on floppy disks.- In reality, choice is either FAT or NTFS.- WXP supports two types of file systems on CD-ROM and DVD.- CDFS & UDF.- Both beyond scope of text.- All disks must be formatted.- Hard disk- Usually partitioned and formatted.-- Typically formatted only one time.- Floppy disks for Wintel computer are also preformatted.- Two types of disk storage configuration.- Basic disks.- Physical disk.- WXP initializes all disks as basic.- Dynamic disks.- Physical disks upgraded/managed by Disk Management utility.- Do not use partitions/logical drives.- Only computers running W2K and above can use dynamic disks.- Beyond scope of text.Carolyn Z. Gillay, Bette A. Peat, Windows XP Command Line Page 3Franklin, Beedle & Associates


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DMC ITSC 1405 - Chapter 3 Disks and Formatting

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