ConversionsParallel InstallationParallel ConversionSlide 4Pilot of Single Location InstallationPilot ConversionsPilot ConversionPhased InstallationPhased Installation - Two ApproachesPhased ConversionsSlide 11Plunge or Direct InstallationPlunge ConversionsPlunge ConversionImplementationConversions•The process of phasing out the old system and starting up the new system•Four Approaches–Parallel–Pilot or Single Location Installation–Phased–Plunge or DirectParallel InstallationRunning the old information system and the new one at the same time until management decides the old system can be turned offImplementationParallel Conversion•Both the old and new systems are operated together until IS, end users, and managers determine that the new system is functioning correctly•Output of one system is compared to the output of the other•Old system can be considered a backup for the new system if there is a massive problem•Use with CRITICAL applicationsImplementationParallel Conversion•Advantages–Safest–Strong end user satisfaction and approval•Disadvantages–Cost of using two systems•Computer time and personnel resources–End users are oppose to double work for IS validationPilot of Single Location InstallationTrying out a new information system at one site and using the experience to decide if and how the new system should be deployed throughout the organizationImplementationPilot Conversions•Test the new system out in part of the firm•Use with “brand new” applications in the firm•Use with new hardware•Similar to the concept of test marketingImplementationPilot Conversion•Advantages–Negative impart of software error is minimized–Personnel in trial area can assist other personnel in the changeover•Disadvantages–IS specialists must maintain two systemsPhased InstallationChanging from the old information system to the new one incrementally, starting with one or a few functional components and then gradually extending the installation to cover the whole new systemPhased Installation - Two Approaches•Install a few functions at a time•Example: student record system–Registration–Textbooks–Student Transcripts–Graduation Validation–Install the main (basic functions) but without “toots and whistles”•Student Registration– Add/Drop classes–Time conflicts– Pre-requisitesImplemenationPhased Conversions•Implement part of an application at one time•Gradual implementation is preferred with very large and complex systemsImplementationPhased Conversions•Advantages–Users can reap the benefits of part of the system before the entire system is completed–Users see part of the system faster–An error in one part of the system can be corrected in the other parts before implementation•Disadvantages–May need interfaces between new and old system ($$, time to develop interfaces)Plunge or Direct InstallationChanging over from the old information system to a new one by turning off the old system when the new one is turned onImplementationPlunge Conversions•Stop the old and start the new•Use if the old system is no longer available–hardware failure–massive user requirement changesImplementationPlunge Conversion•Advantages–Cheapest–Easiest from user viewpoint•Disadvantages–Riskiest (no backup in case of severe error)–Requires extensive planning and