PowerPoint PresentationSlide 2Slide 3Slide 4Slide 5Slide 6Slide 7Slide 8Slide 9Slide 10Slide 12Slide 13Slide 14Announcements for MCB 110LOffice Hours (starting Mon., 28 Jan.):M 12-1 PM Jane GPB 203Tu 2-3 PM Dale GPB 109W 12-1 PM Jesse GPB 201W 12-1 PM Maumita GPB 203F 12-1 PM Joo Eun GPB 203Th 3-4 PM Jeremy 526 BarkerLife Cycle of the Budding Yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiaeGenetic Nomenclature Conventions for Saccharomyces cerevisiaeNormal (“wild-type”) locus: YFG1 Loss-of-function (hypomorphic) allele: yfg1-1 (point mutation)yfg1-∆1 (null mutation)Gain-of-function (hypermorphic) allele: YFG1-20Alteration-of-function (neomorphic) allele: YFG1-54A normal, hypermorphic or neomorphic allele is dominant overa hypomorphic allele: YFG1/yfg1Presence and status of an episome or non-Mendelian determinant in brackets: [YCp352], introduced DNA plasmid [cir+], endogenous 2 m DNA circle [rho-plus = +], functional mitochondrial DNA [psi+], presence of prion form of Sup35 (yeast eRF3) [KIL-k1], endogenous dsRNA viroid encoding secreted toxinStrain YSA1: MAT fcp1∆::LEU2 TRP1:: fcp1-2ts ade2 his3 leu2 trp1 ura3 [YCp-FCP1, URA3]The FCP1 gene is essential for S. cerevisiae cell viability. (mutations in the orthologous human gene product, CTDP1,causes congenital cataracts with facial dysmorphism and neuropathy)FCP1 [TFIIF-associated Rpo21 carboxy-terminal domain (CTD) phosphatase]The Concept of a Genetic Crosse.g., MATa mutation a X MAT mutation bWhat can we learn from such crosses?• Assess whether mutation a is dominant or recessive to thecorresponding WT locus, and assess whether mutation bis dominant or recessive to the corresponding WT locus(dominance test)• Determine whether mutation a and mutation b are likely to bealterations of the same gene (complementation test)• Map the relative positions of locus a and locus b by examiningtheir segregation behavior in meiosis (tetrad analysis)• Generate a potentially useful double mutant (epistasis test)MATaMATCEN3642 bps642 bps747 bps747 bpsa haploid: haploid:a/ diploid:MAT2 = YCR039cMAT1 = YCR040wMATMATaa11 = no ORF no. = no ORF no.a1a1aaABCDEFGHIJKMNOLPSystematic name for the FCP1 locus is YMR277w.Automatically tells you that the ORF encoded bythe FCP1 gene is situated on the right arm of Chromosome XIII and transcribed in the directionaway from CEN13.MAT2 = YCR039cMAT1 = YCR040wMATMATaa11 = no ORF no. = no ORF no.a1a1aaAvailable fromCold SpringHarbor LaboratoryPressThe Concept of a Genetic Crosse.g., MATa mutation a X MAT mutation bWhat can we learn from such crosses?• Assess whether mutation a is dominant or recessive to thecorresponding WT locus, and assess whether mutation bis dominant or recessive to the corresponding WT locus(dominance test)• Determine whether mutation a and mutation b are likely to bealterations of the same gene (complementation test)• Map the relative positions of locus a and locus b by examiningtheir segregation behavior in meiosis (tetrad analysis)• Generate a potentially useful double mutant (epistasis
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