MCB 110L EXAMINATION FOR SECTION #1 Spring, 2008 YOUR NAME: ___________________________________________________________________________ (Please PRINT your name in ink on this line as legibly as possible.) YOUR SIGNATURE: ______________________________________________________________________ (Please SIGN your name in ink on this line.) YOUR STUDENT ID NUMBER: _____________________________________________________________ YOUR LAB ROOM / TA (circle one): Dale Aromdee Jane Klimenko Jesse Patterson QUESTION YOUR SCORE FULL SCORE I 40 II 40 III 40 IV 40 V 40 TOTAL 200YOUR NAME: ___________________________________ 2 QUESTION I. Multiple Choice. Please CIRCLE clearly the letter that corresponds to the most correct conclusion to each of the following statements or queries. [40 points total] (1) An organism whose cells contain two copies of each and every chromosome is called: [4 points] (a) Homozygous (b) Heterozygous (c) Homogeneous (d) Diploid (2) All of the following terms are appropriate descriptions for the growth and duplication of a yeast cell in liquid medium, EXCEPT: [4 points] (a) Vegetative multiplication (b) Mitotic proliferation (c) Meiotic progression (d) Cell cycling (3) The most appropriate definition for the genetic term "allele" is: [4 points] (a) one of a series of possible alternative forms of a given gene (b) alternative genes at two different genetic loci (c) one of two different forms of a specific chromosome (d) sequences that encode each of the domains of a bifunctional gene product (4) In a eukaryotic cell, like budding yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae), transcription and translation take place: [4 points] (a) In the cell nucleus and the cytoplasm, respectively (b) In the nucleolar compartment of the nucleus and the cytoplasm, respectively (c) In the cell nucleus and the cytoplasm, respectively, as well as inside the mitochondrion (d) In the nucleolus and on the surface of the rough endoplasmic reticulum, respectively (5) For propagation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, it is essential that all of the following nutrients be present in the growth medium, EXCEPT: [4 points] (a) Oxygen (b) Ammonia (c) Sulfate (d) PhosphateYOUR NAME: ___________________________________ 3 (6) The degree of relatedness (in percent sequence identity) between an Saccharomyces cerevisiae gene product and its clearly homologous counterpart in a mammalian cell is usually in the range of: [4 points] (a) 20-40% (b) 40-60% (c) 60-80% (d) 80-100% (7) If a mutation in one gene in MATa cell masks the phenotypic effect of a mutation in a different gene, this genetic behavior is called: [4 points] (a) Haploinsufficiency (b) Synthetic lethality (c) Dominance (d) Epistasis (8) Each of the following conditions listed can be used to counter-select (i.e. provides a positive selection) for loss-of-function mutations in the indicate marker genes, EXCEPT [4 points] (a) addition of the toxic arginine analog, canavanine, to isolate can1 (Arg permease-minus) mutants. (b) addition of the toxic pyrimidine analog, 5-fluoro-orotic acid (plus Ura), to isolate ura3 mutants. (c) addition of the toxic histidine analog, 3-amino-triazole (plus His), to isolate his3 mutants. (d) addition of the toxic lysine precursor, alpha-aminoadipic acid (plus Lys), to isolate lys2 mutants. (9) To occur efficiently, all of the following events require DNA sequence homology, EXCEPT: [4 points] (a) Site-specific mutagenesis (b) Meiotic recombination (c) Gene transplacement (d) Plasmid integration (10) A standard genetic procedure to determine whether two recessive mutations that display a similar phenotype are likely located in the same gene is called: [4 points] (a) A dominance test (b) A suppression test (c) A loss-of-function test (d) A complementation testYOUR NAME: ___________________________________ 4 QUESTION II. TRUE or FALSE. Put a clear "X" mark in the box that is the most appropriate response to each of the statements on the left. [40 points total] TRUE FALSE (1) All yeasts are fungi. [4 points] X (2) All plasmids are episomes. [4 points] X (3) Extragenic suppressors of nonsense mutations are often mutant tRNA genes. [4 points] X (4) Most prokaryotic (E. coli) genes cannot function in yeast, and vice-versa. [4 points] X (5) A dominant-negative mutation interferes with the function of the wild-type version of the same gene. [4 points] X (6) A dosage suppressor must be overexpressed in order to manifest its phenotypic effect. [4 points] X (7) Genetics can be used to infer what residues are critically involved in the biological function of protein-coding genes, i.e. polypeptides. [4 points] X (8) These terms— data, bacteria, spectra, media, maxima, criteria, and optima —are all plural words. [4 points] X (9) The cell wall of Saccharomyces cerevisiae is very thick and made up of the same complex protein- and polysaccharide-containing polymers (peptidoglycan) as the prokaryotes (Gram-positive bacteria) that also have very thick cell walls. [4 points] X (10) Lactose is Gal(β 1—>4)Glc, whereas melibiose is Gal(α1—>6)Glc. [4 points] XYOUR NAME: ___________________________________ 5 III. Fill in the blank with the LETTER corresponding to the most appropriate term, phrase, word or abbreviation from the column on the right. [40 points total] (1) This compound is added to a suspension of yeast cells to aid in elevating the effective concentration of plasmids during DNA-mediated transformation [4 points] _____P_____ (2) This genetic element represents the sequence in a yeast chromosome that is a site where DNA synthesis initiates when chromosomes are replicated. [4 points] ____A_____ (3) This type of vector is often referred to as a YAC, for "artificial yeast chromosome." [4 points] _____L_____ (4) This kind of vector is typically present in a copy number of only one per cell in the transformants that carry it. [4 points] ___I (or C)_____
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