BIOL 152 9th Edition Lecture 1 Outline of Current Lecture Natural Selection Adaptive Adaptations Speciation Current Lecture I II III IV Adaptive Adaptations Have to adapt to new environments over time Promotes organism s survival in natural habitat Those that survive and reproduce are better adapted Darwin o The best adapted survive to leave the most offspring Speciation Evolutionary process by which new biological species arise Requires selective mating Evolution Change in allele frequency time Supported by an overwhelming amount of specific evidence o Direct observations A different selection process new food source o Homology Similarity resulting from common ancestry Structural theme repeated o Analogy Similarity in function Comparative embryology reveals anatomical homologies not visible in adult organisms Vestigial structures remnants of features important to ancestral species At the molecular level genes shared among organisms inherited from a common ancestor HOMOLOGY and Tree Thinking support 2 Evolutionary trees hypotheses about relationships among different groups o Can also use anatomical or DNA sequence data Similarities do not necessarily mean relatedness Convergent Evolution evolution of analogous features in distantly related groups o due to similar environments These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor s lecture GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes not as a substitute V VI THE FOSSIL RECORD support 3 Cuvier Provides evidence of o The extinction of species o The origin of new groups Transitions o Changes within groups time BIOGEOGRAPHY support 4 o Geographic distribution of species Pangaea separated by continental drif Can predict when and where different groups evolved when we understand o Continental movement o Modern distribution of species Endemic Species o Not found anywhere else in the world o Islands and mainland What s theoretical about Darwin s view of life o Evolution by natural selection Common thread in all of biology Stimulates many new research questions