BIO208 UNIT 1 REVIEW Spring 2011 1 Name (s) ____________________________________________________________ 1. Fill in the common name C. elegans _________________ Homo sapiens _________________ Arabidopsis thaliana _________________ Mus musculus _________________ Saccharomyces cerevisiae _________________ Drosophila melanogaster ________________ Takifugu rubripes _________________ 2. Place in order from smallest to largest Nucleosome Nucleotide Gene Nucleus Chromosome 3. List 2 nucleotides that are purines ____ List 3 nucleotides that are pyrimidines _____. Which bases are complementary (Don’t forget uracil)? 4. Pick three and only three from the list below that compose a DNA nucleotide Base, Ribose sugar, Salt, Deoxyribose sugar, Hydrogen bond, Phosphate group, Promoter, Histone 5. Heterochromatin or euchromatin? a. Barr body d. condensed DNA g. unique sequence DNA b. genes e. telomeres h. stains lightly when dyed c. centromeres f. gene family 6. Circle five that do NOT describe B-DNA right handed helix 12 bases per turn double stranded major and minor grooves cytoplasmic uracil parallel strands hydrogen bonds G/C does not equal 1 complementary base pairs A/T = 1 coding and noncoding region 7. Prokaryote or eukaryote or both? (P or E or PE) a. ___ introns b. ___ exons m. ___ TATA box and CAAT box promoters c. ___ coding DNA n. __ co translation d. ___ linear chromosomes with telomeres e. _____ circular chromosome o.___ no nucleus f. ___ RNA polymerase II p. ___ bacterial cells g. ___ promoters q.___ polymerase requires nucleotides h. ___ polycistronic mRNAs r. ___ 5’ -> 3’ polymerases i. ___ spliceosome and snRNPs s. ___ many transcription factors, some tissue specific j. ___ plant and animal cells t. _____ supercoiled DNA located in a nucleoid region k. ____ one RNA polymerase u. _____ hormonal control of gene expression l. ___ -10 and -35 promotersBIO208 UNIT 1 REVIEW Spring 2011 2 8. For each of the figures below (A – D) determine:  DNA or mRNA? How do you know?  Eukaryotic or prokaryotic? What is the basis for your answer?  If it is mRNA, is it pre-mRNA or mature mRNA? Why?  If DNA, identify the start site for transcription  If mRNA, identify the start site for translation A. 5' 3' CAAT TATA UTR exon1 intron 1 exon2 intron 2 B. 5' 3' UTR exon 1 intron1 exon2 AAAAAAA……..AAAA C. 5' 3' -35 -10 UTR Coding sequence D. 5' 3' UTR exon 1 exon2 exon3 AAAAAAA……..AAAA 9. Associated with DNA or RNA? a. The genetic material l. Chromosomes b. Nucleosomes m. Associates with the spliceosome c. Double stranded n. Bound by RNA polymerase d. Uses ribose sugar o. Does not use thymine as a nucleotide e. Short half life p. May form a cloverleaf f. Antiparallel strands q. Capped and tailed g. Heterochromatin r. leaves the nucleus h. Contains a TATA box at -25 s. Sits in one of two sites in the ribosome i. Associates with histone octamer t. t, r, i, m, and sn forms j. Is translated u. Watson, Crick, and Franklin k. Is transcribed 10. Each column in the table below represents three nucleotides. In each column, fill in the information in the cells that are blank by using the information in the cell that is given. DNA Coding strand (similar sequence to mRNA) GGG DNA Template strand (complementary sequence to mRNA) TAC mRNA CCU tRNA UCG Amino Acid met trpBIO208 UNIT 1 REVIEW Spring 2011 3 11. Match the researcher with the experiment ___ injected heat killed smooth and rough bacteria into mice A. Watson and Crick ___ developed rules for the base composition of DNA B. Rosalind Franklin ___ elucidated the structure of the B-DNA molecule in the 1950s C. Philip Sharp ___ used bacteriophage, E. coli D. Hershey and Chase ___ extracted nuclein from pus in the 1800s E.Niremberg/Khorana ___ broke the genetic code in the 1960s F. Griffiths ___ X-ray diffraction data used for DNA model G. Chargaff ___ discovered split genes in eukaryotes H. Meisher 12. Fill one or more correct DNAs as indicated. There may be more than 1 correct answer per question. single copy gene LINES centromere heterochromatin telomeric DNA tandem repeats introns gene family a. _______________________ located at the ends of linear chromosomes b. _______________________ the globin genes – embryonic, fetal, pseudo-, and adult c. _______________________ binding site for sister chromatids during mitosis d. _______________________transcribed but not translated e. _______________________ Barr body and other transcriptionally inactive DNA f. _______________________ removed from mRNA by the spliceosome complex g. _______________________ rRNA genes h. _______________________ inserted into the genome via transposon activity i. ______________________ interspersed elements 13. Place these steps in order Ribosome reaches the stop codon in mRNA tRNA brings amino acid and anticodon to ribosome and mRNA poly A tail and 5'cap added to mRNA RNA polymerase II elongates mRNA Transcription factors recognize TATA box and other promoter elements Mature mRNA leaves nucleus A polypeptide is formed Snurps (snRNPs) splice out introns in the spliceosome Protein undergoes post-translational processes sing Ribosome finds the binding site and AUG initiator codon in mRNA b. Which of the above steps occur in the nucleus? cytoplasm?BIO208 UNIT 1 REVIEW Spring 2011 4 15. Fill in the type of RNA: hnRNA (pre-m RNA) RNAi (siRNA) transfer RNA (tRNA) snRNA rRNA (ribosomal RNA) mRNA (mature form) a) ______________________ translated into an amino acid sequence b) ______________________ used in the building of ribosomes c) ______________________ carry specific amino acids to growing polypeptide chain d) ______________________ cloverleaf shape with an anticodon e) _________________ ____ located only in the nucleus (choose 2) f) ______________________ located in cytoplasm (choose 4) g) ______________________