REVIEW for test:BIO208 UNIT 1 REVIEW revised Spring 09Name (s) ____________________________________________________________1. Fill in the common nameC. elegans _________________ Homo sapiens _________________ Arabidopsis thaliana _________________Mus musculus _________________ Saccharomyces cerevisiae _________________Drosophila melanogaster ________________ Takifugu rubripes _________________2. Place in order from smallest to largestNucleosome Nucleotide Gene Nucleus Chromosome 3. List 2 nucleotides that are purines ____ List 3 nucleotides that are pyrimidines _____. Which bases are complementary (Don’t forget uracil)? 4. Pick three and only three from the list below that compose a DNA nucleotideBase, Ribose sugar, Salt, Deoxyribose sugar, Hydrogen bond, Phosphate group, Promoter, Histone 5. Describe these 3 functional properties of DNA: replication, storage of information, mutation6. Heterochromatin or euchromatin?a. Barr body d. condensed DNA g. inactivated X chromosomeb. genes e. telomeres h. stains lightly when dyedc. centromeres f. gene family i. unique sequence DNA7. Circle five that do NOT describe B-DNAright handed helix 12 bases per turnmajor and minor grooves cytoplasmicparallel strands hydrogen bondscomplementary base pairs A/T = 1double stranded uracil1G/C does not equal 1 coding and noncoding region8. Prokaryote or eukaryote or both? (P or E or PE)a. ___ introns l. ___ -10 and -35 promotersb. ___ exons m. ___ TATA box and CAAT box promotersc. ___ coding DNA n. __ co translationd. ___ enhancers o.___ no nucleuse. ___ RNA polymerase II p. ___ bacterial cellsf. ___ promoters q.___ polymerase requires nucleotidesg. ___ polycistronic mRNAs r. ___ 5’ -> 3’ polymerasesh. ___ spliceosome and snRNPs s. ___ many transcription factors, some tissue specifici. ___ plant and animal cells t._____ circular chromosomej. ____ sigma factor binds promoter u. _____ linear chromosomes with telomeresk. ____ one RNA polymerase v. _____ supercoiled DNA located in a nucleoid regionw. _____ hormonal control of gene expression9. For each of the figures below (A – D) determine: DNA or mRNA? How do you know? Eukaryotic or prokaryotic? What is the basis for your answer? If it is mRNA, is it pre-mRNA or mature mRNA? Why? If DNA, identify the start site for transcription If mRNA, identify the start site for translationA. 5' 3'CAAT TATA UTR exon1 intron 1 exon2 intron 2B. 5' 3'UTR exon 1 intron1 exon2 AAAAAAA……..AAAAC. 5' 3'-35 -10 UTR Coding sequenceD. 5' 3'UTR exon 1 exon2 exon3 AAAAAAA……..AAAA210. Associated with DNA or RNA? a. The genetic material l. Chromosomesb. Nucleosomes m. Associates with the spliceosomec. Double stranded n. Bound by RNA polymerased. Uses ribose sugar o. Does not use thymine as a nucleotidee. Short half life p. May form a cloverleaff. Antiparallel strands q. Capped and tailedg. Binds sigma factors in prokaryotes r. leaves the nucleush. Contains a TATA box at -25 s. Sits in one of two sites in the ribosomei. Associates with histone octamer t. t, r, i, m, and sn formsj. Contains enhancers u. Watson, Crick, and Franklink. Is transcribed v. Is translated w. heterochromatin11. Each column in the table below represents three nucleotides. In each column, fill in the information in the cells that are blank by using the information in the cell that is given. Coding strand (similar sequence to mRNA) GGG Template strand (complementary sequence to mRNA)TAC mRNA CCUtRNA UCG Amino Acid met trp12. Match the researcher with the experiment ___ injected heat killed smooth and rough bacteria into mice A. Watson and Crick___ developed rules for the base composition of DNA B. Rosalind Franklin___ elucidated the structure of the B-DNA molecule in the 1950s C. Philip Sharp___ used bacteriophage, E. coli D. Hershey and Chase___ extracted nuclein from pus in the 1800s E.Niremberg/Khorana___ broke the genetic code in the 1960s F. Griffiths___ X-ray diffraction data used for DNA model G. Chargaff___ discovered split genes in eukaryotes H. Meisher313. Fill one or more correct DNAs as indicated. There may be more than one correct answer per question.single copy gene LINES centromere heterochromatintelomeric DNA tandem repeat genesintrons gene familya. _______________________ located at the ends of linear chromosomesb. _______________________ the  globin genes – embryonic, fetal, pseudo-, and adultc. _______________________ binding site for sister chromatids during mitosisd. _______________________ useful for DNA fingerprintinge. _______________________transcribed but not translatedg. _______________________ Barr body and other transcriptionally inactive DNAi. _______________________ removed from mRNA by the spliceosome complexk. _______________________ rRNA genesl. _______________________ inserted into the genome via transposon activitym. ______________________ known as interspersed elements14. Place these steps in order  Ribosome reaches the stop codon in mRNA tRNA brings amino acid and anticodon to ribosome and mRNA poly A tail and 5'cap added to mRNA RNA polymerase II elongates mRNA Transcription factors recognize TATA box and other promoter elements Preinitiation complex formed Mature mRNA leaves nucleus A polypeptide is formed Snurps (snRNPs) splice out introns in the spliceosome  Protein undergoes post-translational processessing Ribosome finds the binding site and AUG initiator codon in mRNAb. Which of the above steps occur in the nucleus? cytoplasm? 415. Fill in the type of RNA: hnRNA (pre-m RNA)RNAi (siRNA)transfer RNA (tRNA)snRNA rRNA (ribosomal RNA)mRNA (mature form)a) ______________________ translated into an amino acid sequence b) ______________________ used in the building of ribosomes c) ______________________ carry specific amino acids to growing polypeptide chain d) ______________________ complex with proteins to form snurps and the spliceosomee) ______________________ cloverleaf shape with an anticodonf) _________________ ____ located only in the nucleus (choose 2)g) ______________________ located in cytoplasm (choose 4)h) ______________________ double stranded RNA that can silence mRNA in the cytoplasmi) ______________________ contains a 5'cap, poly A tail and intronsj) ______________________ contains a 5' cap, poly A tail but no introns16. MutationsFrameshift, Missense, Neutral, Nonsense