UGBA105: Organizational BehaviorClass agenda: Leadership in OrganizationsWhat is leadership?“Leaders are living individuals whom employees can smell, feel, touch their presence” [the elevator test] … “Leaders love their work. That passion is infectious.” … “ ‘It’s only business, not personal’ … IT ALWAYS IS PERSONAL.” … “If you love what you do, it shows. You cannot fake love and succeed.” -Tom PetersSlide 5What exactly does leadership do?Slide 7GE’s Jack Welch: coordinating with charismaSlide 9Management is Janus-faced:Slide 12Lou Gerstner as change agent at IBMCarly Fiorina gets the axe at HP; fails as a leader of changeThe two sides to each face of management:Martin Luther King as visionary leaderDividing leadership at Microsoft: Bill Gates as visionary, Steve Ballmer as charismatic coachSteve Jobs as visionary and charismatic leaderAlthough leadership is personal, it is a role and (therefore) a relation, not a trait or attribute of individualsStill, some people have more leadership potential than others.Tom Peters on gender Women’s Stuff = New Economy Match Improv skills Relationship-centric Less “rank consciousness” Self determined Trust sensitive Intuitive Natural “empowerment freaks” [less threatened by strong people]Charlotte Beers’ leadership styleThe Body Shop founder Anita Roddick (1943-2007) A visionary and charismatic leaderHow to find and build leadershipLeadership is hard to come by when the informal organization is undevelopedHeroic versus developmental (post-heroic) leadershipAre American executives prone to “heroic” leadership?Slide 28Slide 29It's an old joke in Silicon Valley: Q: What's the difference between God and Larry Ellison?Slide 31Developmental leadership is about mentoring and teamworkSlide 33Takeaway PointsWednesday discussionUGBA105: UGBA105: Organizational BehaviorOrganizational BehaviorProfessor Jim LincolnProfessor Jim LincolnWeek 4: LectureWeek 4: LectureLeadership in OrganizationsLeadership in OrganizationsFortune Magazine 10/07 issue has a special section on leadership (see link):2Class agenda: Class agenda: Leadership in OrganizationsLeadership in OrganizationsDiscuss the “manager as leader” role --And how it differs from the “manager as engineer”Examine cases of leaders in business and politicsDiscuss how organizations make or find leadersConsider varieties of leadership--Some are better than others3What is leadership? What is leadership? “A leader is a person who leads because of people's confidence and trust in their ability, as opposed to their formal title and their ability to do a command-and-control mentality” Cisco CEO John Chambers, quoted by Don Gillmore, SiliconValley.com, May 20, 20004““Leaders are living individuals whom Leaders are living individuals whom employees can smell, feel, touch their employees can smell, feel, touch their presence”presence” [the elevator test] … “Leaders [the elevator test] … “Leaders love their work. That passion is love their work. That passion is infectious.” … “ ‘It’s only business, not infectious.” … “ ‘It’s only business, not personal’ … IT ALWAYS IS personal’ … IT ALWAYS IS PERSONAL.” … “If you love what you PERSONAL.” … “If you love what you do, it shows. You cannot fake lovedo, it shows. You cannot fake love and succeed.” and succeed.” -Tom Peters-Tom Peters5StrategyInput EnvironmentResourcesHistoryOutputSystemsUnitIndividualInformalOrganizationTasksPeopleFormalOrganizationLeadership is about what parts of the Leadership is about what parts of the organization?organization?6What exactly does What exactly does leadership leadership dodo??PersonifiesCreates accountability SimplifiesDirects CoordinatesMotivates7“Great leaders are almost always great simplifiers who can cut through argument, debate, and doubt to offer a solution everyone can understand”--Colin Powell8GE’s Jack Welch: GE’s Jack Welch: coordinating with charismacoordinating with charisma (He) has been a combination of charismatic preacher, all-knowing judge, internal ombudsman and hard-driving coach. If leadership is an art, then surely Welch has proved himself a master painter. Few have personified corporate leadership more dramatically.Business Week May 28, 19989Debi Marchovik, a Southwest flight attendant for six years, sums up what motivates a lot of the airline’s employees: “you don’t want to let Herb (Southwest Airlines CEO Herb Kelleher) down.”10Management is Management is JanusJanus-faced:-faced:Manager as engineer: Manager as engineer: trained technician who trained technician who uses a professional uses a professional body of knowledge to body of knowledge to create formal systems create formal systems that plot strategy, that plot strategy, make decisions, incent make decisions, incent people, and coordinate people, and coordinate units in maximally units in maximally efficient ways.efficient ways.Manager as leaderManager as leader: : individual who leverages individual who leverages highly personal resources highly personal resources (energy, stamina, charisma, (energy, stamina, charisma, vision, warmth, charm, vision, warmth, charm, gregariousness, toughness, gregariousness, toughness, daring, know-how) to daring, know-how) to inspire, empower, and inspire, empower, and channel the actions of others.channel the actions of others.Janus: The Roman God of doorwaysJanus: The Roman God of doorways11•Manager as engineer: MAE is about coping with complexity•Manager as leader: MAL is about coping with changeWhen should the manager When should the manager wear each hat???wear each hat???12StrategyInput EnvironmentResourcesHistoryOutputSystemsUnitIndividualInformalOrganizationTasksLeaderFormalOrganizationLeadership means changing the Leadership means changing the organization to fit the leaderorganization to fit the leader13Lou Gerstner as change agent at IBMLou Gerstner as change agent at IBMLouis V. Gerstner, Jr. was chairman of the board of IBM Corporation from April 1993 until his retirement in December 2002. He served as chief executive officer of IBM from 1993 until March 2002. In January 2003 he assumed the position of chairman of The Carlyle Group, a global private equity firm located in Washington, DC.14Carly Fiorina gets the Carly Fiorina gets the axeaxe at HP; at HP; fails as a leader of change