UCB Review EECS122 Jean Walrand U C Berkeley www eecs berkeley edu wlr UCB Topics How Networks Work Internet Ethernet ATM Layers IETF IEEE ATM SONET DNS TCP IP MPLS DiffServ Multiple Access TDMA Ethernet Aloha Switches Performance Models PHY Sonet DSL Modulation Wireless Optical Networks Security Compression How Networks Work UCB Key Ideas Packets IP Link or LAN Applications HTTP CDN VoIP IP Addressing packet by packet Scalable End to end principle Ethernet MAC address ARP ATM VC Questions Address translations Why is this scalable extensible Describe packet formats sequence of messages Layers UCB IETF APP TCP UDP IP MPLS LINK LAN PHY IEEE LLC MAC PHY for Ethernet ATM AAL ATM SONET PATH LINK SECTION Questions Describe the layers of IP ATM Sonet How about IP Sonet DNS UCB Structure and Protocol Questions How is this scalable Reliability Caching Sequence of messages UCB TCP Go Back N Numbering of ACKs Flow Control Receiver Advertised Window Slow Start Congestion Avoidance RTT and timeout estimation Additive Increase Multiplicative Decrease Justification Try to be fair and efficient Improvements Fast Retransmit Fast Recovery RED RIO Vegas IP UCB Addressing IP Header TTL Fragmentation DS field Routing OSPF RIP BGP Multicast RED RIO etc Questions Steps of OSPF RIP Why BGP Why TTL Fragmentation Why IPv6 Pros Cons of single class MPLS DiffServ UCB Objectives Basic Mechanisms DRR etc TCP DRR DiffServ Admission Control Questions Maximum rate for DiffServ Paths for MPLS Multiple Access UCB TDM FDM CDMA Aloha Throughput Delay Calculations Ethernet Throughput Delay Calculations Reservation Aloha Understand pros and cons CSMA CD Operations Questions Calculate rates delays Switches UCB Input Output VOB Shared Modular Understand Operations Pros and Cons Scheduling Classification Questions Throughput comparisons Delay comparisons QoS Possibilities Performance Models UCB Basic Queuing Model M M 1 Poisson arrivals Exponential lengths P X n E X E T Network of M M 1 Queues Each queue has same occupancy distribution as if it were M M 1 with arrival rate given by flow conservation equations E Xk E T Physical Layer UCB Digital Link Modulation Schemes bits MOD signals DEM bits Add error detection DEM Clock recovery bit detection Baseband self clocking or not Broadband for wireless for FDM to exploit channel bandwidth Examples Manchester On Off optical QAM on copper SONET Synchronize transmitters protection with rings DSL Divide bandwidth into 4kHz channels modulate channels based on SNR Wireless UCB Three Generations Cellular Frequency reuse Handoff Wireless LAN Analog Digital Circuits Packets Multiple Access Reservation Ad Hoc Hop by hop with adaptive routing Optical Networks UCB Generations Devices Optical Links O E O Circuits O Circuits O Burst Switching O Amplifier Wavelength Converters Optical Switch O Memory WDM Conclusions O Circuits in the core Fast provisioning protection switching In core routers can fill up a wavelength In MAN WDM O Links Security UCB Components Crypto public and secret Hashing Systems Confidentiality Authentication Integrity Compression UCB Types Lossless and Lossy Examples Huffman Lempel Ziv Block Codes Motion Prediction UCB Example Network ATM ADSL Ethernet ATM ATM VC Point to Point IP link UBR DHCP framing SONET PATH IP ATM SONET UCB Example Applications Network Application Servers Content Servers Caches Storage Traffic Shapers Redirection Agents Processing Speculations Future UCB Optical Network in Core WEB over Wireless New services New networks Video Conferencing Web Television CDN Storage Sensors Robust Integrated After TCP IP
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