SwitchesOutlineSwitch CharacteristicsExamplesExamples (cont’d)Slide 6Slide 7FunctionsFunctions (cont’d)Slide 10Slide 11Slide 12Output BufferInput BufferVirtual Output BufferShared BufferModular SwitchesModular Switches (cont’d)UCBSwitchesJean WalrandU.C. Berkeleywww.eecs.berkeley.edu/~wlrUCBOutlineSwitch CharacteristicsExamplesFunctionsOutput BufferInput BufferVirtual Output BufferShared MemoryModularUCBSwitch CharacteristicsPortsFast Ethernet, OC-3, ATM, …ProtocolsST, Link Agg., VLAN, OSPF, RIP, BGP, …PerformanceThroughput, 8-classes CoS, …UCBExamplesCisco 12416:The Cisco 12416 Internet router is a 10 Gigabit, 16-slot chassis member of the Cisco 12000 series that provides a total switching capacity of 320 Gigabits per second (Gbps), with 20 Gbps (10 Gbps full duplex) capacity per slot. With its 16-slot chassis and extensive portfolio of line cards including the new Cisco 1-port OC-192c/STM-64c and Cisco 4-port OC-48c/STM-16c POS interfaces, the Cisco 12416 Internet router supports high-density ISP aggregation and point-of-presence (POP) consolidation.UCBExamples (cont’d)Cisco 3600Voice over Frame relay (VoFR) and Voice over ATM (VoATM-AALS) on the digital voice interfaces (T1 and E1). Gateways for the PBX and PSTN for IP telephony, enabling applications like call transfers, holds, and conferencing.UCBExamples (cont’d)Extreme Networks - Summit• 48 10/100 ports• 2 GE (SX, LX, or LX-70)• 17.5Gbps non-blocking• 10.1 Mpps• Wire speed L2• Wire speed L3 static or RIP• OSPF, DVRMP, PIM, …UCBExamples (cont’d)Foundry ServerIron•Server Load Balancing •Transparent Cache Switching •Firewall Load Balancing •Global Server Load Balancing •Extended Layer 4-7 functionality including URL-, Cookie-, and SSL Session ID-based switching •Secure Network Address Translation (NAT) and Port address translation (PAT)UCBFunctionsData Path and Control Path:Note: Figure from Prof. Varaiya’s notes for EE228bUCBFunctions (cont’d)Data Path:Extract headerLookup forwarding ruleQueuing decision (drop, mark, queue)Modify headerStore packetSchedule transmissionSend packetUCBFunctions (cont’d)Control PathRouting table (IP, MPLS, ST, …)Forwarding policies (RED, Policing, …)Scheduling rules (WFQ, Priority, …)UCBFunctions (cont’d)Timing:Note: Figure from Prof. Varaiya’s notes for EE228bUCBFunctions (cont’d)Table Lookup Example (routing)Note: Figure from Prof. Varaiya’s notes for EE228bUCBOutput BufferBuffers at output portsLimitation: Throughput < rate of shared busNote: Figure from Prof. Varaiya’s notes for EE228bUCBInput BufferBuffers at input portsLimitation: Head-of-Line blockingNote: Figure from Prof. Varaiya’s notes for EE228bUCBVirtual Output BufferOUT buffers at each input portComplexity: Matching ProblemNote: Figure from Prof. Varaiya’s notes for EE228bUCBShared BufferOne memory pool shared by flowsLimitation: Memory SpeedNote: Figure from Prof. Varaiya’s notes for EE228bUCBModular SwitchesSpace-Division SwitchingBlockingUCBModular Switches
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