Multicellular lifeAnimal tissue typesReviewReviewReviewReviewEpithelial tissueEpithelial tissueSimple SquamousSimple CuboidalStratified Squamous EpitheliumCiliated columnar epitheliumConnective tissueLoose connective tissue(Areolar)Other Connective tissuesBone TissueBone DevelopmentMuscle tissueMuscle tissueCampbell 20.6Nervous TissueNervous TissueSummaryPop quizMulticellular lifeEvolution of multicellular life Animal tissue typesCampbellFig1.1CampbellFig 20.2Animal tissue types• What is a tissue?• A cooperative unit of many very similar cells that perform a specific function.• Examples– Epithelial– Connective–Muscle– NervousReview• What are the major characteristics of the plant, animal and fungi kingdoms?• Sketch basic plant cell and compare it to an animal cell• What are the basis tissue and organ types in plants? What is the function of each? What special cell are found in each type?• List the major groups of plants and describe each. How does each group reproduce?• What is alternation of generation? Draw a diagram that briefly describes this process. Which type of generation is dominant in each major plant group?• What are fungi? Describe the basic body plan of a fungus. What are the major groups of fungi? How do they reproduce?• What are lichens and mychorrhizae? • List some harmful fungi and the conditions that result from them• List some beneficial fungi and their effects.Review• Terms: decomposer, mutualism, parasite, Spore, sporangium, mushroom, lichaen, hyphae, mycellium, athlete’s foot, ringworm,Candida albicans, dikaryotic, fruiting body, sporophyte, gametophyte, N, 2N, haploid, diploid, photoautotrophic, cellulose, epidermis,mesophyll, stomata, guard cell, meristem, leaf , root, xylem,phloem,ground tissue, vascular tissue, algae, moss, fern, gymnosperm, angiosperm, vascular plant, non-vascularplant.Review• List the major animal phylums and describe the distinguishing characteristics of the animals in each. Give several examples ofanimals in each phylum.• Describe the four tissue types, nervous, muscle, epithelial, connective.• How did tissues and multicellular animals evolve?• How do animals develop? Terms: Zygote, blastula,gastrula, larva• Define choanocyte, ameobocyte, radial symmetry, bilateral symmetry, cephalization, dorsal, ventral , anterior, posterior, cnidocyte, gastrodermis,epidermis, gastrovascular cavity, polyp, medusa, hydra acoelomate, psudocoelomate, coelom, true body cavity. Planarians, flukes, tapeworms, proglottid, scolex, trichinella,redula, mantle, muscular foot, segmentation, earthworms, polychaetes, leeches, Hirudo, medicinalis, exoskeleton, cuticle, molting, head, thorax, abdomen, incomplete and complete metamorhosis, water vascular system, tube feet• What are the basic chordate characteristics? Notochord etc• Tunicate, amphioxus, lamprey, swimbladder, operculum, coelocanth,Review• How did the first amphibians arrive on land• Salamander, metamorphosis, frog, aquatic adaptations, terrestrial adaptations• What are the major adaptations of amphibians, birds, reptiles and mammals. What are the different types of animals in these groups? Anmiotic egg,plastron, carapace, snake, lizard, turtle, feathers• How did jaws evolve? Ectothemic, endothermic, acheaoptrex, mammals, placental, oviparous, marsupial, heterodont teethEpithelial tissue• Covers and lines the body and its parts• One surface free, the other bound to basement membrane• Tissues are named by – Shape of cells– Number of layers of cellsEpithelial tissue• Simple= single layer• Stratified = multiple layers• Squamous = flat (tiles)• Cuboudal = like dice• Columnar = like bricksCampbellFig 20.4Simple SquamousSimple CuboidalCampbellFig 20.4In the kidney tubulesLines the lungsStratified Squamous EpitheliumLines the esophagusCampbellFig 20.4Ciliated columnar epitheliumCampbellFig 20.4Lines the air ways in the respiratory systemConnective tissue• Binds other tissues an provides support matrices• Few cells in a nonliving matrix• Three fiber types– Collagen fibers– Elastic fibers– Reticular fibers• Fibroblasts - cells that produce connective tissueLoose connective tissue(Areolar)CampbellFig 20.5AHolds other tissue in placeA “binding” materialOther Connective tissuesLooseAdiposeBloodFibrous connectiveCartilageCampbellFig 20.5BoneTendonsDense connective tissue thatAttaches muscle to boneLike CampbellFig 30.7Bone TissueCampbellFig 20.5D• Osteocytes• Haversian canal• Lamelle (matrix)Bone DevelopmentMuscle tissue• Functions in movement• Bundles of long cells ( muscle fiber= muscle cell)• Skeletal muscle– Attached to bones by tendons, produces voluntary movement– Striated unbranched• Smooth muscle– Found in walls of digestive tract, produces involuntary movements– Unstriated, spindle shaped• Cardiac Muscle– Striated , branched, produces heartbeatSmoothmuscleSkeletalmuscleCardiacmuscleMuscle tissueCampbell 20.6Nervous Tissue• Responsible for coordinating body activties• Neurons are nerve cells• Motor neurons are nerves that activate muscles• Compsed of cell bodyand dendrites• Supported by glial cellsCampbellFig 28.3AModifiedNervous TissueCampbellFig 28.2SummaryPop quiz• What Eukaryotic kingdom has no mitochondria and flagellar motion?• List the 4 basic animal tissue