Biology 130 Discussion and Review Questions Plants Ch 17 1.What is a plant and specifically how is a plant different than an animal? 2. What are the different plant organs, tissues, and cell types? What is the function of each? 3. What are the major plant groups? Give an example of each? How are they similar/different? 4. What is alternation of generations? Explain it for each plant group. Include N 2N, Haploid, diploid, mitosis, meiosis, fertilization, spores, gametes, sporophyte, gametophyte. 5. Describe a flower? What is the function of each part? 6. Describe sexual reproduction in angiosperms. 7. What is a fungus? Define hyphae, mycelium, fruiting body, dikaryotic, mutualism, mushroom, antibiotic, yeast. 8. What are the harmful and beneficial types of fungi? Describe some of these. Discussion issues: Gardening, genetically modified foods, fruit production, carnivorous plants. Origin of life Ch 16 1. How do scientists believe life originated on the earth? 2. What are the domains of life? Describe and compare each. 3. How did the first prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells form ? 4. Compare and contrast a prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell. Also Archea and Bacteria. 5 . Describe the nutritional mode, locomotion, and special organelles for each kingdom of life. Give an example of an organism in each kingdom Discussion: oceanic vent communities Plant function Ch 31, 32 1. What is transpiration? How does water get from the soil to the leaves of a plant? What function do the root hairs play? 2. What is a sugar source, a sugar sink? How do sugars move in the body of a plant? 3. Compare and contrast dicots and monocots. 4. What physical processes move water from the roots to the leaves of a plant? Discussion : plant diseases Animals Ch 181. Compare and contrast a plant and an animal. Consider cell types, features inside of cells (special organelles), growth, organs, tissues, energy source, body form , feeding, and reproduction. 2. List the major animal phyla and ALL the distinguishing characteristics that describe each group. List all the animals we discussed in class by phylum. 3. Draw a diagram that describes the basic lifecycle of an animal. Be careful to include all phases of the lifecycle and the processes that occur thru development. Zygote, blastula, gastrula, larva, adult.4. How did the first multicellular animals form? What types of cells were the first to specialize in a colonial organism? What are sponges most closely related to? 5. Define choanocyte, pinacocyte, spicule. How do sponges feed? What are some examples of sponges? 6. What are the different body forms of Cnidarians? Define gastrovascular cavity, epidermis, gastrodermis, cnidocyte. How does a cnidocyte function in capturing prey? 7. What is the difference between radial and bilateral symmetry? Give example of animals of each type and describe how they move, feed, and sense their environment. Define cephalization, anterior, posterior, dorsal, ventral. 8. Sketch the lifecycle of the schistosome blood fluke and tapeworm. Define scolex, proglottid, gravid proglottid. 9. Describe the following body types (cavities) and give an example of an animal with each. acoelomate, pseudocoelomate, eucoelomate 10. What phylum does trichinella belong to. Describe the lifecyle of this animal. Can it harm you? 11. Describe the distinguishing features of mollusks. What are the four types of mollusks? Sketch an example of each and identify the mantle, shell and foot on each type. 12. Define segmentation. Give examples of segmented and unsegmented animals and their phyla. What are the advantages of segmentation. 13. Name and describe the major groups of animals in the following phyla. Annelida, Arthropoda, Echinodermata (examples only). Discussion: take a plant and turn it into an animal, animal videos, student presentation of phylum report ( name ,characteristics, examples), predators, giant squids, medicinal leeches, touch tank animals. Tissues and organ systems Ch 201. What is homeostasis? Give an example of a homeostatic system. Explain positive and negative feedback 2. Describe the function and structure of the four different tissue types. If we were going to build a new finger for you, how would we use these tissue types to do it? 3. List out each organ system, give the basic function of the system. List organs in each system. 4. How do organ systems help large animals exchange nutrients and wastes with their environment. Discussion: Stem cells, aging, wound healing, zebrafish development. Immune system Ch 24 5. Describe the structure of the immune system. Include vessels, nodes, fluids, cells and organs. What is the function of each? 6. Describe the flow of fluid from the circulatory system through the lymphatic system and back into the circulatory system 7. Compare and contrast the nonspecific and specific immune responses. How are they similar and different. Which one is more efficient? 8. How does the inflammatory response combat infection? Be detailed in your description.9. Compare and contrast the humoral and cell mediated immune responses. How does each one make cells, and fight foreign particles and disease? 10. What are the primary and secondary immune responses? What is immunization and how does it work? 11. Describe the structure of the aid virus. How does it attack and weaken the immune system? What doe people with aids die from. How does it spread? 12. What are allergies? What causes an allergic response and how does it occur? How is it treated? Discussion: AIDS, The common cold, CDC, lethal infectious diseases (ebola, west nile virus, sars) Respiration Ch 22 1. What is the difference between breathing and cellular respiration? 2. How does oxygen reach each cell in your body to support cellular respiration? What cells, tissues, and organs are involved in this? 3. What is respiratory surface? Describe it in a fish, worm, insect, and mammal. 4. How does a gill function, and what is a countercurrent exchange? 5. What are the parts of the insect tracheal system? 6. List out all the structures in the respiratory system of a mammal. What does the diaphragm do? 7. How does smoking affect your lungs? 8. List and describe some respiratory diseases. 9. What steps are involved in breathing? 10 How is breathing controlled? 11. How are gases transported in your blood? 12. Describe fetal circulation. Discussion: diving biology and the bends,