WMO – 6 EuropeAgricultureWeather information facilitate the anticipation of locusts’ swarms creation and displacement, FAOANNEXESAnnex 2: Summary of weather-related impacts in Japan (Damage in US$ millions)Annex 3: Insurance costsThe Social, Economic and Environmental Effects of High-Impact Weather, 1998-2005 WMO - 1 Africa WMO – 2 Asia WMO – 3 South-America WMO – 4 North and Central AmericaWMO – 5 Australia + Pacific WMO – 6 Europe 2002 Ethiopia, Drought: In general, the year 2002 in Ethiopia has been characterized with a failure of both the short and long rainy seasons. In some regions, the reported reduction of agricultural production was as high as 50% 2004, Indian Ocean Earthquake: Preliminary estimates indicated that 66% of the fishing fleet and industrial infrastructure in coastal regions have been destroyed by the wave surges 2001 Guyana, Agricultural Benefit: Interspersed dry and wet spells led to a reported agricultural benefit, i.e. an increase above the expectation resulting from last year’s crop, of US$ 14.1 million. The sugar industry produced 284,474 tonnes in 2001, an increase of 3.9% compared with 2000 2001 Canada, Drought: Wheat and Canola production was 43% lower than in 2000, damaging the economy by an estimated US$ 3,164.5 million. Other harvest were also reduced: potatoes by 35-45% 2002 Australia, Fires: Considerable impact on winter crops (wheat, barley, oilseed rape and winter pulses). Estimates were that only 16.2 million tonnes would be harvested, 21 million tonnes less than in the previous year. Similarly, summer crops were estimated to be the smallest since 82/83 and the sheep flock was forecast to fall to 91 million, the lowest number since the 1920s2003 Latvia, Heavy Rains: 31-31 August 2003 was the rainiest third decade of august since the start of regular precipitation measurements in Latvia. Prolonged rain resulted in the loss of almost half of the grain crops in Latvia. Agricultural losses were valuated at 80 million Euros Agriculture 2001 South Africa, Heavy Snow: Caused bitterly cold conditions that killed more than 14,000 cattle, 10,000 sheep and about 3,000 of wild livestock in the north-eastern Free State and southern Mpumalanga. The cost of damage was estimated to be more than R37 million 2001 Islamic Republic of Iran, Drought: Caused agricultural losses of 2.8 million tonnes of wheat and 0.28 million tonnes of barley 1998 Peru, Effects of El Niño: The cumulated effects of warm sea, warm air and excessive rainfall, and consequent floods and disease affected many aspects of the economy, notably the fishery industry. The decrease in fresh fish catch compared with 1997 represented 31.6% (Annex 1) 1999 USA, Cold Wave: At the end of the year, freezing temperatures caused over US$ 600 million damage to citrus crops 1999 Australia, Thunderstorm: Hail destroyed 60km² of crops, mainly cotton, worth US$ 13 million in Queensland 2002 Lithuania, Drought: Led to decreased productivity of most crops and, in some places, totally prevented the cultivation of flax, maize, corn and perennial grass. Damage to stockbreeders was estimated as about US$ 16 million and to plant growers about US$ 10.1 million Compiled by Christophe Guyondet/SPLA March 2006WMO assists farmers at national, regional and local level to manage the risks that accompany drought Compiled by Christophe Guyondet/SPLA March 20062000 Kenya, Drought: More than 80% of Kenyans are farmers who depend on rain fed agriculture. Lack of rainfall caused near total crop failure over most parts of the country during the year. Coffee and tea, which the country depends on heavily for its foreign exchange earnings were affected adversely by both drought and frost. Coffee production declined by more than 50% due to persistent drought in the central parts of the country 1999 Mongolia, Snowstorms: 271,399 heads of livestock died, economic losses were assessed as US$ 7.6 million Heavy rain and hail damaged or destroyed crops over 2,000 km², estimated losses: US$ 0.2 million. High temperatures reduced yields by up to 70%, losses about US$ 3.8 million 2000 Australia, Insect Infestation: It has been estimated that Locust infestation caused 120,000,000 US$ Damage 2001 Georgia, Drought and Hail: In the western part, 82% of the cultivated area was completely wiped out. Eastern part had heavy summer hailstorms; crops, generally of vineyards, over an area of 155 km² were completely destroyed. The overall loss from drought and hail was US$ 90 million Weather information facilitate the anticipation of locusts’ swarms creation and displacement, FAO 1999 Japan, Tropical depressions and typhoons: A highly industrialised country like Japan has a great deal of infrastructure at risk. Yet, 70% of the evaluated losses was in agriculture (Annex 2) 2003 Europe, Heat Wave: The drought caused shortfalls in wheat harvest of 20% in France, 13% in Italy, 12% in the UK, 75% in Ukraine and 80% in Moldova Compiled by Christophe Guyondet/SPLA March 2006Energy 2000 Kenya, Drought: 2000 was characterised by severe water shortage for domestic, industrial and power generation activities. Electricity companies resorted to power rationing, affecting domestic and industrial users. Industrial production therefore took a nosedive and consequently the country’s economy suffered great losses 1999 Chile, Rainfall Deficit: Induced a fall in the generation of hydroelectricity, causing a loss of US$ 15 million in the first quarter of the year. In the second and third quarters, electricity rationing was introduced for half the country’s area and 95% of the population. Total private losses as result of the rationing approached US$ 300 million Damage of Hurricane Lili in 2002 Compiled by Christophe Guyondet/SPLA March 2006Tourism 2004 Indian Ocean, Tsunami Wave: As of January 2005, estimates indicated that Thailand was expected to lose US$260 million a month as a result of the wave, very popular international tourist spots being touched badly (see Annex 3) 1999 Saint Lucia, Hurricane Lenny: Damaged 16 beachside tourist hotels The 2004 Tsunami severely threatened the leisure/tourism industry in the region Compiled by Christophe Guyondet/SPLA March 20062003 Malawi, Tropical Storm Delfina: Left 31,190 homeless 2001 Japan, Typhoons: 1,791 houses were flooded, 286 were destroyed and 88 ships were lost or damaged 2003 Canada, Wildfire: Biggest fire season in memory in the