BIOLOGICAL WASTEWATER PROCESSOR“BIOREACTOR”ASEN 551911/30/99DAVID WALLEROVERVIEW• ADVANCED LIFE SUPPORT - LONGER SPACE FLIGHTS• CLOSED LIFE SUPPORT SYSTEM - REDUCES INPUTS• WATER IS LARGEST CONSUMABLE IN TERMS OF MASSWASTE WATER RECYCLERSCURRENT GROUND BASED WATER RECLAMATION• CHEMICAL TREATMENT• MICROBIAL TREATMENT WITH CHEMICALBIOLOGICAL WASTEWATER PROCESSING VS. CHEMICAL COULDMINIMIZE MASS, POWER, VOLUME, THERMAL, AND CREW TIME FORSPACE APPLICATIONSCURRENT STATE OF TECHNOLOGYNASA KENNEDY - PLANT BASED WATER PROCESSINGCURRENT STATE OF TECHNOLOGYNASA JSC - IMMOBILIZED MICROBE MICROGRAVITY WATER PROCESSING SYSTEM(IMMWPS)BACTERIAEXPLANATION OF HOW BACTERIA WORK IN A BIOREACTORDE-NITRIFYING BACTERIUM(ANAEROBIC)ORGANICS (CARBON)NITRATENITROGEN GASMINERALIZED ORGANIC CARBON• WASTEWATER - UREA AND BODY SOAP• 2 DIFFERENT TYPES OF BACTERIANITRIFYING BACTERIUM(AEROBIC)AMMONIANITRATEPURPOSE• ADVANCE THE FUNDAMENTAL UNDERSTANDING OF WASTEWATER RECLAMATIONAS IT APPLIES TO MICROGRAVITY BASED OPERATIONSHOW DO MICROORGANISMS FUNCTION IN MICROGRAVITY?•STS-95MASS TRANSFER?• BIOMASS ACCUMULATION•FLUID/GAS FLOW3 PHASE MANAGEMENT?• DIFFICULT IN MICROGRAVITY• BIOLOGICAL PROCESSORS FOR WASTEWATER RECLAMATION HAVE BEENDEMONSTRATED IN A 1-g ENVIRONMENT; HOWEVER, NO MICROg TESTING HAS OCCURREDBENCHTOP MODELBENCHTOP MODEL - ANAEROBIC ONLY• RETENTION TIME• RECIRCULATION OF NITRIFIED FLOW• FEED DILUTION• BIOMASS ACCUMULATION• WATER QUALITYSURROGATE PARAMETERS• PREVIOUS REACTORS INTENDED FOR MICROg HAVE MEASURED TOC, NH4, NO3• CORRELATE TO ORP, Ph, PRESSURE, AND DISSOLVED OXYGENMEASURED PARAMATERS•ORP - OXIDATION REDUCTION POTENTIALMEASURE OF A SOLUTION’S OXIDIZINGOR REDUCING STRENGTH. INDICATES ELECTRON ACTIVITY.•Ph - ACIDIC OR BASIC•PRESSURE•TEMPERATUREFLIGHT EXPERIMENT DESIGN• SCALE DOWN TO FIT CONSTRAINTS ASSOCIATED WITH SINGLE SHUTTLE MIDDECK LOCKERDESIGN GOALSVOLUME - 8.97” X 16.34” X 19.32”MASS - 54 POUNDS MAXPOWER - 120 WATTSFLIGHT EXPERIMENT DESIGN SUBSYSTEMSINFLUENT/EFFLUENT TANKS • COLLAPSIBLE MYLAR BAG• CONSTANT VOLUME CONTAINERREACTOR• MASS LIMITED - 500mL PERISTALTIC PUMP•PUMPS MIXED PHASES• ACCURATE METERING• MEDIA CONTACTS TUBING ONLY• EASY TO STERILIZE• NO FLOW THROUGH WHEN PUMP IS OFF• RUN DRY WITHOUT DAMAGE• NO SEALS TO LEAKFLIGHT EXPERIMENT DESIGN CONCLUDEDSUMMARY AND FUTURE WORK• FILTER AT END OF RE-CIRCULATION• BACK FLOW OF BACTERIA - SOLENOID VALVE• DIFFERENT REACTOR SHAPES• REDUCE SENSOR SIZE• MULTIPLE REACTORS• THERMAL SENSITIVITY•GAS SEPARATIONREFERENCESAllied Signal, Annual Report Biological Wastewater Processor Experiment Definition.Aug. 16, 1999.Doi, Fumi, et al. Assessment of a Bioreactor Design for use in a Space FlightEnvironment. Dec 18, 1998.Instech Labs http://www.instechlabs.comJohnson Space Center, Critical Design Review Immobilized Microbe Microgravity WaterProcessing System. Sep 14, 1998.Life Sciences Data Archive http://lsda.jsc.nasa.govWater treatment professional site
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