ASGSB 2004 1CGBA Cell Culture HardwareA MODULAR SUITE OF HARDWARE ENABLING SPACE FLIGHT CELL CULTURE RESEARCHCommercial Generic BioProcessing Apparatus (CGBA)A. Hoehn, D.M. Klaus, L.S. Stodieck. BioServe Space Technologies, a NASA Research Partnership Center Aerospace Engineering Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, USA.ASGSB 2004 2CGBA Cell Culture HardwareCGBA Program HighlightsBioServe, a Research Partnership Center (RPC):» NASA Space Product Development (SPD – NASA Code US).» Office of Biological and Physical Research (NASA Code-U / OBPR).» Foster commercial (applied) space biotechnology projects.» Non-profit consortia between NASA (government), Industry, Academia.Commercial Generic BioProcessing Apparatus (CGBA):» Generic Incubator with standard interfaces to STS/ISS/SH.» “easy” / fast integration schedule / reflight/series hardwareSuite of flight-qualified science insert hardware:» FPA: Fluid Processing Apparatus: “microgravity test tube”, sealed or vented.» GAP: Group Activation Pack: 1 liter generic science container, sealed or vented.» BPM: BioProcessing Module, 3- or 4-syringe mixing, sealed.» GEFA: Gas Exchange Fermentation Apparatus, vented.» ICV: Illuminated Culture Vessel, sealed or vented.» BCA: BioServe Culture Apparatus, sealed or vented.» STARS: miniature habitats (terrarium, aquarium, biochemistry), vented.» MOBIAS: Modular Orbital Bioreactor with Automated Sampling, vented.ASGSB 2004 3CGBA Cell Culture HardwareCGBA Design HighlightsCGBA incubator services to mission-specific science inserts:• Thermal control:» Common temperature, 2 –zone, 8-zone, steady state, profiles / ramps.» From -16° C to +37° C, depending on configuration.• Data acquisition and control:» Command and telemetry capabilities allow real-time downlink of data and video permitting remote payload operation and ground control unit synchronization.• Experiment manipulation capabilities:» Activation, feeding, termination, sampling, video.» Networked science insert control for greatest flexibility.• Accelerometer launch detection:» automated activation and individual thermal profiling for culture incubation and sample preservation.» Launch profiling integration eliminates false starts.» Maximize on-orbit time, minimize processing delays after launch.ASGSB 2004 4CGBA Cell Culture HardwareCGBA Evolution• CGBA Incubator (37°C heat):» Above ambient resistive heater only.» Manual sample activation (GAP,FPA).» Optical density cell growth monitoring (FPA).• CGBA – Isothermal Containment Module (ICMv1):» Thermoelectric heat / cool via 6 water-cooled walls.» Centralized science experiment control (activation, termination, light).• CGBA – ICMv2:» Same as above, plus networked experiment control.» Updated computer capability for ISS / EXPRESS.• CGBA – ICMv3:» Networked experiment control (science-insert dependent).» A) Multi-zone (up to 8) thermal control / profiling.» B) MOBIAS bioreactor, sampling, dual (2) culture/sample thermal control.» C) FREEZER: vacuum insulation, as low as -16°C.ASGSB 2004 5CGBA Cell Culture HardwareCGBA – Isothermal Containment Module (ICM) EvolutionVersion 1 – single temperature Version 2 – single temperature Version 3 – 2-8 temperaturesWall temperature controlled through temperature-controlled water circulation Individual thermal control(shown with Auto-GAP / FPA) (shown with STARS-1 insert) (shown with 8 TEC-GAPs, 8 zones)ASGSB 2004 6CGBA Cell Culture HardwareBioServe Hardware Design Philosophy• Standard interfaces to STS/ISS – CGBA exterior unchanged:» Same power, data, video interfaces – facilitates rapid mission integration.» Common computer architecture, internal, flexible networked control.» Æ each mission is ‘reflight’ or ‘series’ evolved hardware.» Æ robust / well-verified interfaces.• Easy to adapt / modify / replace science inserts:» Built on common / proven design features / flight heritage. » Not necessarily same design implementation – but ‘series’ history.» Quick “lessons-learned” implementation.» New safety-assessment limited to insert, CGBA is reflight.ASGSB 2004 7CGBA Cell Culture HardwareCGBA Experiment Carriers- Isothermal Containment Modules (ICMs)Version 3(STS-93)(STS-106)Version 3’(ISS-6A, 8A, 9A)Version 2(STS-95)(STS-93)(STS-107)Single temperature zone 8 temperature zonesÅ MOBIAS: 2 temperature zonesFREEZER: 1 temperature zone Æ(Retired)Micro=processor-controlled, networked science insert controlVersion 1(STS-77), (S/MM-3), (S/MM-6)ASGSB 2004 8CGBA Cell Culture HardwareCGBA – Generic Carrier – Multiple Experiment InsertsGas-Exchange Fermentation ApparatusVacuum InsulationIlluminated Culture VesselInternal Motor GAP,Sealed or gas-exchange.Cell Culture ApparatusSealed or gas-exchange.CGBA Incubator FamilyHabitatsAquatic Ecosystem HabitatsDynamically ControlledCrystallization SystemGas-exchange andThermal profilingASGSB 2004 9CGBA Cell Culture HardwareCGBA – Science Insert IntegrationMOBIAS-Bioreactor – 6 cultures, 8 cooled samples eachTEC-GAP – 8 independent temperature zonesSpace Technology and Research Students STARS) insertICMv2 with Auto-GAP and GEFAGas-exchange / vented to cabinASGSB 2004 10CGBA Cell Culture HardwareFluid Processing Apparatus – Limitations• Sequential mixing / add up to 2 fluids:» Two levels of containment, sealed or vented (gas-exchange).» Slow mixing, no sampling (only fixation).• Fluid volumes and number of additions limited:» < 7 ml total fluid volume.» Multi-step processing limited, no long-term culturing.» Good bio- and materials-compatibility (glass, Bromobutyl rubber or chlorobutyl rubber).» Up to hazard level 3 fluids (with GAP).• Some optical assays possible:» Optical density / visual inspection.• Additives co-located with sample:» Single (common) temperature for all fluids.» 3-ribbed septa reduce risk of accidental contamination.• Gas exchange possibilities:» Sealed: Microbial cultures become anaerobic, mammalian cultures difficult, seedlings affected by ethylene. Add scrubbers as needed.» Can use gas-exchange inserts instead of rubber septa for enhanced gas exchange(FPA volume only, or entire GAP volume, or open to cabin air).ASGSB 2004 11CGBA Cell Culture HardwareFluid Processing Apparatus – Microgravity Test tubeSealed or with gas-exchange to FPA only, or to GAP:• Two levels of containment (liquid).Sequential mixing of
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