Exam 1, BIO201B, 2005 Form AYou must put your name and student number on the answer sheet and fill in the appropriate bubbles in pencil. There is only one right answer for each question.1. Which of the following is true:A. Since chloroplasts are prokaryotic and have their own DNA, they can easily live outside of plant cell on their ownB. Photosynthetic bacteria have chloroplasts inside themC. For some kinds of bacteria, photosynthesis can happen in vitro but not in vivoD. Plants are eukaryotic cells that can have both mitochondria and chloroplasts inside them.E. Some small, unicellular plants are prokaryotic2. If a type of bacteria was 1.0 micron long, what is the highest number of these bacteria that could fit end-to-end inside a cell that is 20.0 x 10-5m long?A. 2.0 x 103B. 200C. 20D. 1000E. 503. Phospholipids are necessary structural components of membranes but high concentrations of free fatty acids can destroy membranes because:A. Phospholipids are amphipathic but free fatty acids cannot be amphipathicB. At the pH where free fatty acids are ionized, they can be detergents but phospholipids are not detergentsC. Free fatty acids can be polyunsaturated, making the membrane too fluid, but phospholipids are always saturated.D. While phospholipids can form bilayers, free fatty acids only form triglycerides and triglycerides are not structural components of membranesE. Phospholipids can form micelles but free fatty acids can’t4. Which of the following was not a type of amino acid side chain described in BIO201B?A. Fully charged at pH=7.0B. Uncharged but still polar at pH=7.0C. Positively charged at pH=7.0D. Non-polar at pH=7.0E. Protonated at high pH but unprotonated at low pH5. The maximum number of cations that can be generated by the ionization of 2.0 moles of NaCl in pure water is:A. 1.0 mole B. 2.0mMC. 4.0 molesD. 4.0mM1E. 2.0 moles6. In the Frye-Edidin experiments where human and mouse cells were fused, the most lateral diffusion of proteins was seen at which of the following temperatures? Why?A. 4oC because that’s where the most mixing of proteins was seenB. 18oC because that was the PTTC. 21oC (room temperature) because that’s the temperature at which the cells were grownD. Lateral diffusion was the same at all of the temperatures tested. That’s what proved the fluid mosaic modelE. 35oC because that’s where the membrane was most fluid7. If a pure water solution (under standard conditions) contains 100.0 x 10-6M HCl and that HCl is fully dissociated, what is the pH?A. 6.0B. 6.2C. 4.0D. 8.0E. 2.68. The DNA of a mitochondria is:A. In the matrixB. In its nucleusC. In the inner membrane spaceD. Nowhere. Mitochondria don’t have DNA because they don’t need it.E. Inside the grana9. The NADH for mitochondrial electron transport comes directly (without any intermediates) from:A. NADPHB. ATPC. The TCA cycleD. GlycolysisE. Pyruvate10. The energy required to make ATP in a mitochondria can be provided by:A. Glycolysis aloneB. The proton motive force (energy from the proton gradient) aloneC. Electron transport alone, even without a proton gradientD. NADH alone, even without a proton gradientE. The ATP synthase complex alone, even without a proton gradient11. Which of the following most accurately describes a reducing agent in a redox couple before any electrons are exchanged:A. It has a higher Eo value than the oxidizing agentB. It will have a positive charge at pH=7.0C. It is in its reduced formD. It has a higher potential to get protonated than the oxidizing agentE. It is a better electron acceptor than the oxidizing agent212. From what we discussed in BIO201B, which of the following describes a hydrophobicaggregation most accurately?A. When non-polar molecules are forced into aggregates, it maximizes their exposure to the surrounding water moleculesB. In order to form a hydrophobic aggregate, the compound must be charged at one end and non-polar at the otherC. There are no non-covalent bonds between compounds in a hydrophobic aggregation, not even Van der Waals. All the bonds are covalent.D. The major force causing non-polar compounds to aggregate in water is hydrogen bonding of their fatty acid side chainsE. Water can hydrogen bond to other water molecules more readily when hydrophobic compounds aggregate in water than when those hydrophobic compounds are dispersed in water13. Why is pH important for the proper function of a protein?A. Because the ionized states of the amino acid side chains can affect the conformation of the protein and its ability to bind to other macromoleculesB. Because the side chains (R groups) are very susceptible to acid hydrolysis above pH=7.0C. Because hydrogen bonding is weakest at pH=7.0 but always increases when the pH decreasesD. It isn’t. It only affects the charge on the protein but not its functionE. All enzymes have a pH optimum of pH=7.0 for their activity14. One of the main differences between triglycerides and phospholipids is:A. Triglycerides can have unsaturated fatty acid side chains but phospholipids do not.B. Most phospholipids are amphipathic at pH=7.0 while triglycerides are very non-polarC. Triglycerides in membranes cause a decrease in fluidity while phospholipids always increase fluidityD. Triglycerides have a glycerol backbone but phospholipids such as phosphatidyl choline (PC) do notE. Phospholipids are more non-polar than triglycerides, that’s why triglycerides circulate in the blood and phospholipids are in membranes15. The kind of amino acid side chains that are most likely to be seen on the part of an integral protein that faces (contacts) the water are:A. Non-polarB. HydrophobicC. Charged polar and uncharged polarD. PolysaccharidesE. None. Integral membrane proteins don’t have side chains facing the water because they are so hydrophobic16. A peptide bond is an example of:A. A hydrogen bondB. An ionic bondC. A covalent bondD. A double bondE. A van der Waals bond317. The conformation of a soluble protein can be important for all of the following except:A. Its functionB. How hydrophilic it isC. Its ability to bind to other macromoleculesD. Its shapeE. Its viscosity in a non-polar solution18. In bacteria, NADH can be generated from the end products of glycolysis in:A. The mitochondriaB. The cytoplasmC. Nowhere. Bacteria do not make NADH because they are prokaryoticD. The inter-membrane spaceE. The exoplasm19. Can an integral membrane protein be solubilized by a non-ionic detergent?A. Yes, because non-ionic