Final Exam, BIO201B, 2004 Form 1Each question has only one correct answer. Choose the one which answers the question best.1. How can soluble proteins in RER get targeted to go to another compartment?A. They don’t. Only membrane proteins move out of the RERB. By clathrin-coating the budding vesiclesC. By binding to special transport COP proteins called t-SNARESD. By antibody interactions between transport vesicles and destination membranesE. By binding to transmembrane cargo receptors to sort them into transport vesicles which can be targeted to the proper destination by their externally-facing surface proteins2. What was the point of using a pulse-chase instead of just a pulse of radioactive aminoacids to study the endosomal pathway in a eukaryotic cell?A. A long pulse would cause mutations and change the look of the cell over the time course of the experimentB. The original pulse procedure was modified by Dr. Chase (of Hershey-Chase fame) so it was originally called pulse-Chase.C. Since the pulse of radioactive amino acids was hot, the chase was necessaryto cool the cell down so it didn’t dieD. A long pulse would make so many of the proteins radioactive that it would be difficult to follow the pathway of just the newly synthesized proteinsE. A continuous pulse would have labeled both soluble and membrane bound proteins but the pulse-chase labeled only soluble proteins3. Which of the following are most likely to be seen on a membrane spanning protein?A. A signal sequence but no stop-transfer sequenceB. A stop transfer sequence and a signal sequenceC. Mannose-6-phosphateD. A clathrin binding siteE. No signal sequence but a long stretch of hydrophobic amino acids 4. The process of cotranslational translocation is best described as:A. Proteins are made as the ribosomes move down the mRNAB. Translation and transcription happening at the same timeC. When the translocon is synthesized at the same time as the SRPD. Moving a protein to the nucleus for further modifications E. Moving a nascent protein across the RER membrane as it is being translated5. Which of the following is a necessary part of normal, human meiotic prophase I?A. Condensation of chromatinB. Secondary non-disjunctionC. DNA replicationD. Independent assortmentE. Aneuploidy16. Disperse (not compacted), eukaryotic DNA is seen in:A. TetradsB. ZygoteneC. Mitotic anaphaseD. All of interphaseE. G1 but not in G27. Which of the following is true?A. The pH inside lysosomes is about 7.0.B. Clathrin helps to pinch off membranes to form vesicles from both the plasma membrane and trans golgi network (TGN)C. Soluble cargo inside the endomembrane system does not bind to receptors until they reach the TGND. Soluble proteins destined to remain inside the RER are targeted to stay there by stop transfer sequencesE. There is only one kind of v-SNARE but many kinds of t-SNAREs.8. Which of the following best describes the changes seen during spermatogenesis (meiosis) in humans?A. 2n4x4c to 1n2x2c to 1n1x1cB. 2n4x4c to 2n2x2c to 1n1x1c C. 2n2x2c to 2n4x4c to 2n2x2c to 1n1x1cD. 1n1x1c to 2n2x2c to 1n1x1c E. 2n4x4c to 2n4x4c to 1n2x2c9. In animal cells, soluble proteins can be made:A. On either RER or SERB. Either in the cytoplasm or on RER C. In the cytoplasm onlyD. On RER onlyE. In either the cytoplasm, nucleoplasm or lumen of RER 10. Autoradiography is:A. The process of adding radioactive compounds to proteins or nucleic acids as they are being made B. The way cells dispose of dead mitochondriaC. The only way to visualize secretory vesiclesD. A way to recognize the location of radioactive compounds in a cell by using photographic filmE. A way to “X-ray” cells to identify dense structures11. The main difference between mitotic prophase and mitotic anaphase B is that:A. Sister chromatids are held together in prophase but not in anaphase BB. Mitotic chromosomes are syntelic in anaphase B but not in prophaseC. The nuclear envelope is gone in prophase but it returns completely in anaphase BD. There is half as much DNA in the cell in anaphase B compared to prophaseE. Anaphase B does not involve motor proteins but prophase does212. In general, mitotic chromosomal movements during prometaphase can involve all of the following except:A. Dynein and kinesin-based movements near the minus ends of microtubules connected to kinetochoresB. Microtubule slidingC. Cytoplasmic MT dynamic instabilityD. Movements of chromosomes as cargo along MTs “rails” by kinesin-related motorsE. Movement of chromosomes near the plus ends of chromosomal MTs 13. Amphitelic orientation of sister chromatids is seen:A. In both eukaryotes and prokaryotes B. In both mitosis and meiosis IIC. Only in mitosis, not in meiosisD. Only in meiosis, not in mitosisE. In pachytene14. Meiosis in humans is:A. Equational division with one S-phase in between meiosis I and meiosis IIB. Common in cells like liver cells and white blood cells C. Reduction division to decrease both ploidy and DNA amountD. Sexual reproduction as a result of sperm uniting with an eggE. A reduction in ploidy but not DNA amount15. A soluble protein which is found in the nucleus is most likely made:A. Within the endomembrane systemB. In the nucleolus C. In the cytoplasmD. By cotranslational translocationE. In the nucleoplasm16. Complex carbohydrates for glycoproteins can be assembled in all of the following except:A. RER lumenB. CytoplasmC. Cis-golgi lumenD. Lysosome lumenE. Trans-golgi lumen17. How are carbohydrates initially put on plasma membrane glycoproteins so that thesecarbohydrates end up facing the outside of the cell?A. They aren’t because there are no enzymes to do this on the outside of the cellB. The glycotransferase enzymes are on the outside of the cellC. Such proteins are brought into the cell by endocytosis, modified by glycosidases, and recycled back to the surface in their intended conformationD. Core carbohydrates are transferred to the proteins in the lumen of the RER. E. Sugars are added, one at a time, to the protein as it faces the inside of the RER and the lumen of the Golgi. These proteins are packaged into vesicles and the vesicles turn inside out before they fuse with the plasma membrane 318. Dolichol is:A. A lipid which can bind carbohydratesB. A compound that carries lipids for membrane synthesis in RERC. A sugarD. A proteinE. A type of glycosyltransferase enzyme19. Which of the following statements is false?A.