The Personality Psychopathology Five (PSY-5)Five-factor model (FFM)Slide 3The five-factor model of personalityThe common variance among personality traitsCurrent consensusSlide 7OpennessConscientiousnessExtroversionAgreeablenessNeuroticismSlide 13Slide 14Five-dimension modelI. AggressivenessSlide 17Slide 18II. PsychoticismSlide 20III. ConstraintSlide 22Slide 23IV. Negative Emotionality/NeuroticismV. Positive Emotionality/ExtraversionSlide 26PSY-5 InterpretationAggressiveness (AGGR)Psychoticism PSYC)Discontraint (DISC)Slide 31Negative emotionality/ Neuroticism (NEGE)Introversion/Low Positive Emotionality (INTR)Slide 34Scale DevelopmentSlide 36Item exampleReliability and ValiditySlide 39NEO PI-R,Slide 41ExtraversionSlide 43AgreeablenessSlide 45Slide 46Slide 47Slide 48Slide 49Surgency1The Personality Psychopathology Five (PSY-5)William P. Wattles, Ph.D.Francis Marion University2Five-factor model (FFM)•One of the more prominent models in contemporary psychology is what is known as the five-factor model of personality.•A dimensional rather than categorical approach from 19333•“If this hypothesis is correct—if we have truly discovered the basic dimensions of personality—it marks a turning point for personality psychology.”•McCrae RR, John OP. 1992. An introduction to the Five Factor Model and its applications. J. Pers. 60:175 2154The five-factor model of personality•The five-factor model of personality is a hierarchical organization of personality traits in terms of five basic dimensions: Extraversion, Agreeableness, Conscientiousness, Neuroticism, and Openness to Experience.5The common variance among personality traits•can be understood in terms of the five factors of. –conscientiousness–agreeableness–neuroticism–openness –extroversion-introversion•Costa, P. T. & McCrae, R. R. (1995). Psychological Bulletin, Vol 117(2), Mar 1995. pp. 216-220.6Current consensusThe five factors are•conscientiousness•agreeableness•neuroticism•openness •extroversion-introversionCANOE7Current consensusThe five factors are•openness •conscientiousness•extroversion-introversion•agreeableness•neuroticismOCEAN8Openness•Openness refers to how willing people are to make adjustments in notions and activities in accordance with new ideas or situations• appreciation for art, emotion, adventure, unusual ideas, imagination, curiosity, and variety of experience9Conscientiousness•Conscientiousness refers to how much a person considers others when making decisions.• tendency to show self-discipline, act dutifully, and aim for achievement; planned rather than spontaneous behaviour.10Extroversion•Extroversion is defined as a trait characterized by a keen interest in other people and external events, and venturing forth with confidence into the unknown.•energy, positive emotions, surgency, and the tendency to seek stimulation and the company of others11Agreeableness•Agreeableness measures how compatible people are with other people, or basically how able they are to get along with others•a tendency to be compassionate and cooperative rather than suspicious and antagonistic towards others.12Neuroticism•Neuroticism is a dimension of personality defined by stability and low anxiety at one end as opposed to instability and high anxiety at the other end.•a tendency to experience unpleasant emotions easily, such as anger, anxiety, depression, or vulnerability13•People at the extremes one or more of the five variables are likely to have some sort of psychological abnormality associated with that trait. •People are likely to select their environment in such a way that this trait is perpetuated. •To keep this cycle from iterating, psychologists make their patients come to terms with the flawed trait, allowing the patient to break the cycle14•Individual differences•Situational constraints•The Big Five personality traits are empirical observations, not a theory15Five-dimension model•I. Aggressiveness, •II. Psychoticism, •III. Constraint, •IV. Negative Emotionality/Neuroticism•V. Positive Emotionality/Extraversion16I. Aggressiveness•Aggressiveness entails dispositional differences in agonal behavior, particularly offensive aggression17I. Aggressiveness•grandiosity versus egalitarianism •If you see yourself on approximately the same level as most others, this tends to inhibit aggressiveness, whereas genocide and less malignant forms of aggression count heavily on perceptions of differential worth.18I. Aggressiveness•The desire for power and influence are also features of PSY-5 Aggressiveness •Enjoyment of intimidating others to achieve one’s goals.19II. Psychoticism•Psychoticism assesses the gross verisimilitude of our inner models of the outer social and object world.20II. Psychoticism•Although all of us have illusions, misperceptions, and mistaken beliefs, only a few have delusions and hallucinations. •Disconnection from reality, unshared beliefs, unusual sensory and perceptual experiences•Feel alienated with unrealistic expectation of harm21III. Constraint•Constraint combines features of –Control versus Impulsiveness–Harm-avoidance (physical risk aversion) –Traditionalism (a dimension ranging from moral conservatism to the orientation of the libertine).22III. Constraint•This Constraint dimension is relevant to personality psychopathology in that it has obsessive–compulsive personality disorder at one end and antisocial personality disorder at the other end23III. Constraint•Someone low in PSY-5 Constraint would be impulsive, a risk taker and excitement seeker.24IV. Negative Emotionality/Neuroticism•A broad affective disposition to experience negative emotions, especially anxiety and nervousness.25V. Positive Emotionality/Extraversion•A broad disposition to experience positive affects to seek out and enjoy social experiences, and to have the energy to pursue goals and be engaged in life's tasks.26•The PSY-5 constructs are models of traits designed to aid in personality description and to complement personality disorder diagnosis with quantitative dimensions.27PSY-5 Interpretation•The Personality Psychopathology Five represent five important differences between adaptive and nonadaptive personality style.•Interpret low scores only for INTR and DISC scales •Page 17328Aggressiveness (AGGR) High scores •Grandiose•Resentful•Cold•at times cruel. •This scale assesses a sort of hostile