Slide 1Slide 2Slide 3PersonalityPersonality DisordersPersonality TraitsPersonality disorderPD’s frequently overlookedCluster ACluster BCluster CParanoid Personality DisorderSlide 13Paranoid P.D.DichotomyPoints on ContinuumDelusional DisorderDelusionsDelusional Disorder vs SchizophreniaSchizophreniaSchizoid Personality DisorderSlide 22Schizotypal Personality DisorderSlide 24Antisocial Personality DisorderSlide 26Borderline Personality DisorderSlide 28Histrionic Personality DisorderSlide 30Narcissistic Personality DisorderSlide 32Slide 33Uconn PresidentAvoidant Personality DisorderSlide 36Dependent Personality DisorderSlide 38Obsessive-Compulsive Personality DisorderSlide 40Slide 41Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory MCMI-IIISlide 43MCMI-IIITheoretical ConsiderationsInterpretationBR scores1. Interpret Profile Validity2. Interpret Personality Disorder scales3. Interpret Clinical Syndrome ScalesSchizoid Scale 1Avoidant Scale 2ADepressive Scale 2BDependent Scale 3Histrionic Scale 4Narcissistic Scale 5Antisocial Scale 6AAggressive Scale 6BCompulsive Scale 7Passive-Aggressive Scale 8ASelf-defeating 8BSchizotypal Scale SBordeline Scale CParanoid Scale PAnxiety Scale ASomatoform Scale HBipolar: Manic Scale NDysthymia Scale DAlcohol Dependence Scale BDrug Dependence Scale TPosttraumatic Distress Disorder Scale RThought Disorder SSMajor Depression Scale CCDelusional Disorder PPMCMIMCMI problemsSlide 77Slide 78Slide 791Personality Disorders William P. Wattles, Ph.D.Francis Marion University2Personality Disorders are generalized, inflexible patterns of inner experience and behavior of long-standing.3Personality Disorders are long-term, maladaptive patterns of perception, emotional regulation, anxiety, and impulse control.4Personality•1.The enduring pattern of inner experiences and outward behavior that is unique to each individual.5Personality Disorders•Enduring pattern of inner experience•Deviates markedly from the expectations of the person’s society•Pervasive and inflexible•Onset in adolescence or early adulthood•Is stable over time•Leads to distress or impairment.6Personality Traits•Enduring patterns of perceiving, relating to and thinking about the environment and oneself exhibited over a wide range of social and personal contexts. Stable across:–Time–Place–Situation •Only disorders if maladaptive7Personality disorder•Involves long-term functioning–difficult to assess in one interview–not organic, substance-induced or situational–must go back at least to early adulthood–may be ego-syntonic8PD’s frequently overlooked•Client may express more concern with Axis I Problems•Personality styles often hidden and must be inferred•Can be difficult to distinguish between state (clinical) elevations and trait (personality) scales.9Cluster A•Individuals appear odd or eccentric–Paranoid–Schizoid–Schizotypal10Cluster B•Individuals appear dramatic, emotional or erratic–Antisocial–Borderline–Histrionic–Narcissistic11Cluster C•Individuals appear anxious or fearful–Avoidant–Dependent–Obsessive-Compulsive12Paranoid Personality Disorder•Pervasive distrust and suspiciousness of others such that their motives are interpreted as malevolent.13Paranoid Personality Disorder•Four of:–Suspects others exploiting, harming or deceiving–preoccupied with unjustified doubts of loyalty of friends and associates–Reluctant to confide in others–Reads hidden demeaning of threatening meanings into benign events–persistently bears grudges–perceives attacks not apparent to others–recurrent suspicions w/o cause regarding fidelity of partner14Paranoid P.D.•Overreact to minor slights•Hold grudges•Constantly vigilant•Quick to counterattack15DichotomyParanoidNormal16Points on ContinuumGullibleDelusional DisorderParanoid P. D.Paranoid TraitsParanoid SchizophrenicNormal17Delusional Disorder•Persecutory Type•Central theme of being conspired against, cheated, spied on, followed, poisoned Maligned, harassed, or obstructed. May engage in repeated attempts to get satisfaction by appeal to courts and government agencies18Delusions•Erroneous beliefs that usually involve misinterpretation of perceptions or experiences.–Vapor trails•Delusions are deemed bizarre is they are clearly implausible. –Thought broadcasting19Delusional Disorder vs Schizophrenia•Bizarre versus nonbizarre delusions•Bizarre if clearly implausible, not understandable, not derived from ordinary life experience. •Nonbizarre involves thing that can occur in real life: being followed, poisoned loved at a distance, deceived by one’s spouse.20Schizophrenia•Paranoid type•Preoccupation with prominent delusions or hallucinations21Schizoid Personality Disorder•Pervasive pattern of detachment from social relationships and a restricted range of expression of emotions.22Schizoid Personality Disorder•Four of:–neither desires nor enjoys close relationships–Usually chooses solitary activities–Has little interest in sex with another person–Take pleasure in few if any activities.–Lacks close friend or confidants–appears indifferent to praise or criticism–shows emotional coldness and flat affect23Schizotypal Personality Disorder•Pervasive pattern of social and interpersonal deficits marked by acute discomfort with close relationships as well as by cognitive or perceptual distortions and eccentricities of behavior.24Schizotypal Personality Disorder•Five of:–Ideas of reference–odd beliefs–unusual perceptual experiences–odd thinking and speech–suspiciousness or paranoid ideation–Inappropriate or constricted affect–odd behavior or appearance –lack of close friends or confidants–excessive social anxiety based on paranoid ideation25Antisocial Personality Disorder•The essential feature is a pervasive pattern of disregard for the violation of the rights of others. •Since age 15•Sociopathy, psychopathy26Antisocial Personality Disorder–Failure to conform to social norms–deceitfulness, lying aliases conning.–Impulsivity and failure to plan ahead–irritability and aggressiveness–reckless disregard for the safety of self and others–consistent irresponsibility–lack of remorse27Borderline Personality Disorder•Pervasive pattern of instability of interpersonal relationships, self-image, and affects. Marked impulsivity•KM28Borderline Personality Disorder–Frantic efforts to avoid abandonment–unstable and intense