CHEM 1125Q: FINAL EXAM
47 Cards in this Set
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What is defined as a measure of the randomness or disorder of a system?
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Entropy
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For a chemical reaction to be spontaneous only at high temperatures, which conditions must be met?
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Delta S > 0
Delta H > 0
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The higher the pressure of a gas sample, the greater is its entropy. True or false...
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False
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For a given reaction, a change in the temperature may result in a change in the sign of delta G. True or false...
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True
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The entropy of vaporization is always a positive quantity. True or false...
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True
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What is the name given to the process when solvent molecules surround the solute molecules?
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Oversaturated
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What are miscible liquids?
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When you shake two liquids together and they result in a single liquid phase, not divided.
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Dissolving a solute such as KOH in a solvent such as water results in...
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a decrease in boiling point of the liquid
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What is the name of a solution that obeys Raoult's Law?
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Ideal solution
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Which pair of dispersed phases and dispersing media can never form a colloid?
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Gas and gas
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Osmosis is the selective passage of solvent molecules through a porous membrane from a more concentrated solution to a more dilute one. True or false...
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True
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The solubility of gases in water always decreases with increasing temperature. True or false...
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True
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During a chemical reaction, what defines when the concentrations of the reactants and products reach a constant level?
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Equilibrium
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What is the name for Qc?
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Reaction quotient
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Which statement is correct?
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if K>1, LnK is positive, and delta G is negative then the reaction is product favored.
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A change in temperature can change the value of the equilibrium constant. True or false?
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True
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For the reaction
A+B --> C+D+ heat, the reverse reaction is exothermic. True or false?
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False
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HCl
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strong acid
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HBr
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strong acid
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HI
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strong acid
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HNO3
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strong acid
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HClO3
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strong acid
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HClO4
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strong acid
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H2SO4
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strong acid
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LiOH
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strong base
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NaOH
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strong base
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KOH
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strong base
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RbOH
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strong base
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CsOH
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strong base
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Ca(OH)2
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strong base
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Sr(OH)2
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strong base
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Ba(OH)2
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strong base
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Binary Acids
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HX
Greater radius (bigger atm) = stronger acid
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Oxoacids
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HnXOm
Contains hydrogen, oxygen, and a central nonmetal atom. Greater amount of O = stronger acid.
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Acids in the same group
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Greater electronegativity (closer to F) = stronger acid
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Amphoteric
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A species that can behave either as a Bronsted acid or a Bronsted base.
Look for them in middle of PT.
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When heat is absorbed by the system and work is done by the system on the surroundings then...
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q is positive and w is negative
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What are the conditions of STP?
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273.15 K and 760 torr
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Which of the following gases effuses most rapidly: nitrogen, oxygen, hydrogen chloride, ammonia, or carbon monoxide?
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Ammonia
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Kinetic Molecular Theory (KMT)
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Explains how molecular nature of gases gives rise to their macroscopic properties.
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Effusion
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Escape of gas molecules from a container to a region of vacuum.
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Diffusion
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The mixing of gases as the result of random motion and frequent collisions.
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SA unit of pressure...
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Pascal (Pa)
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Viscosity
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A measure of a fluid's resistance to flow.
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What is the basic repeating unit of a crystalline solid?
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Unit cell
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Above this temp, a gas cannot be liquified...
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Critical T
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In a phase diagram, the point at which all three boundary lines meet is called...
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triple point
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CHEM 1125Q: EXAM 1