BIOL 1103: Exam 2
48 Cards in this Set
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d. kinetic; potential; kinetic
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You work hard to pedal your bicycle up a steep hill. You rest when you get to the top, then you let your bicycle roll quickly down the other side of the hill, You converted ______ energy into _____ energy, then you converted it back into _____ energy.
a. heat; potential; heat
b. potenti…
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a. entropy
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When you digest the starch in plants into glucose, some energy is lost as heat. This increases the _____ of the universe
a. entropy
b. energy
c. equilibrium
d. order
e. potential
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b. when we break down our food, the reactions are not 100% efficient; therefore, energy is lost as heat.
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When we metabolize our food, we produce heat that helps to keep us warm. Which of the following best describes why?
a. producing ATP from ADP is exothermic; therefore, energy is released in the form of heat.
b. when we break down our food, the reactions are not 100% efficient; therefore…
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c. it can be stored in chemical bonds
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Which of following is true of energy?
a. it can be released by forming chemical bonds
b. it can be created
c. it can be stored in chemical bonds
d. it can be transferred from one form to another with 100% efficiency
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a. reactions in which endergonic reactions obtain the energy to go forward from exergonic reactions
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What are coupled reactions?
a. reactions in which endergonic reactions obtain the energy to go forward from exergonic reactions
b. reactions in which exergonic reactions obtain the energy to go forward from endergonic reactions
c. reactions that lower the activation energy of another r…
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c. water and oxygen gas
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What are the products of the catalase reaction demonstrated in class?
a. a phosphate group and ADP
b. glucose and galactose
c. water and oxygen gas
d. a glycoprotein and hydrogen peroxide
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d. binds to a site other than the active site, changing the shape of the active site and decreasing the binding of substrate
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When a product binds to an allosteric enzyme to slow its reaction, it does which of the following?
a. binds to a active site, blocking the binding of substrate
b. binds to the substrate, blocking its binding of the active site
c. binds to the product production site, stopping the produ…
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a. They increase the activation energy required for chemical reactions to proceed.
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Which of the following statements concerning enzymes is false?
a. They increase the activation energy required for chemical reactions to proceed.
b. Many enzymes utilize coenzymes, such as vitamins
c. The active site of an enzyme has a shape that is specific for its given substrate.
d…
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d. Lactose
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In the following reaction, which of the follwoing is an example of a substrate?
Lactase
Lactose --> Glucose + Galactose
a. Galactose
b. Glucose
c. Lactase
d. Lactose
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b. one enzyme will work on many different substrate molecules to produce a variety of different products
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Which of the following statements concerning enzymes is FALSE?
a. they accelerate the rate of chemical reactions
b. one enzyme will work on many different substrate molecules to produce a variety of different products
c. they can carry out hundreds of chemical transformations per secon…
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d. ATP, NADH, and pyruvic acid
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The main products of glycolysis are:
a. NAD+, pyruvic acid, and CO2
b. ATP, pyruvic acid, and CO2
c. ATP, NADH, and CO2
d. ATP, NADH, and pyruvic acid
e. ATP, NAD+,and CO2
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e. NADH
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The Krebs cycle extracts most of the energy in a glucose molecule and stores it in:
a. O2
b. Pyruvic acid
c. CO2
d. ATP
e. NADH
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d. pyruvic acid
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The end products that come out of the Krebs cycle include all of the following except:
a. NADH
b. ATP
c. FADH2
d. pyruvic acid
e. CO2
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a. in the inner membrane of the mitochondrion
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The enzymes used bt teh electron transport chain are located:
a. in the inner membrane of the mitochondrion
b. in the outer membrane of the mitochondrion
c. in the cytosol
d. between the inner and outer membranes of the mitochondrion
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a. lactic acid
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What is the role of oxygen in cellular respiration?
a. lactic acid
b. CO2
c. ethyl alcohol
d. A and B
e. B and C
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a. It was release as CO2 and H2O
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You have a friend who lost 15lbs of fat on a diet. Where did the fat go (how was it lost)?
a. It was release as CO2 and H2O
b. It was converted to urine and eliminated from the body
c. Chemical energy was converted to heat and then released
d. It was converted to ATP, which weighs muc…
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c. substrate-level phosphorylation
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The ATP made during fermentation is generated by which of the following?
a. oxidation of NADH
b. photophosphorylation
c. substrate-level phosphorylation
d. electron transport
e. chemiosmosis
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c. energy released from movement of protons through ATP synthase
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In chemiosmosis, what is the most direct source of energy that is used to convert ADP + Pi to ATP?
a. no external source of energy is required because the reaction is exergonic
b. energy released from substrate-level phosphorylation
c. energy released from movement of protons through A…
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d. fatty acids and glycerol
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In order for a fat to be used for energy, it must forst be broken down into:
a. fatty acids and sugars
b. glucose
c. amino acids
d. fatty acids and glycerol
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a. 6CO2 + 6H2O + sunlight--> C6H12O6 + 6O2
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Which of the following equations properly summarizes photosynthesis?
a. 6CO2 + 6H2O + sunlight--> C6H12O6 + 6O2
b. C6H12O6 + 6O2 + sunlight--> 6CO2+6H2O
c. C6H12O6 + 6CO2 + sunlight--> 6O2+6H2O
d. 6CO2 + 6H2O --> C6H12O6 + 6O2 + sunlight
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d. red and blue
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What two colors of light drive most photosynthesis?
a. green and yellow
b. blue and green
c. red and yellow
d. red and blue
e. red and green
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e. sunlight excites electrons in chlorophyll to a higher energy level
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What function does sunlight perform in photosynthesis?
a. sunlight excites electrons in water to a higher energy level
b. sunlight converts electrons in water to a lower energy level
c. sunlight converts electrons in chlorophyll to a lower energy state
d. sunlight fixes the CO2 into g…
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b. thylakoid membrane
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Where do the light reactions of photosynthesis occur?
a. mitochondrion compartment
b. thylakoid membrane
c. stoma
d. thylakoid compartment
e. mitochondrion membrane
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e. ATP and NADPH
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The products of the light reactions that are then used by the Calvin cycle are:
a. ADP and NADP+
b. O2 and NADPH
d. ATP and O2
c. ATP and CO2
e. ATP and NADPH
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d. stroma
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The Calvin cycle takes place in the:
a. cytoplams
b. thylakoids
c. grana
d. stroma
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c.O2
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The Calvin cycle requires all of the following except:
a.ATP
b.RuBP
c.O2
d. NADPH
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a. RuBP
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The sugar that first bonds with CO2 in the Calvin cycle is:
a. RuBP
b. G3P
c. 3-PGA
d. rubisco
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a. the enzyme rubisoc binds O2 rather than CO2 during the Calvin cycle
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Photorespiration is when:
a. the enzyme rubisoc binds O2 rather than CO2 during the Calvin cycle
b. the enzyme rubisco binds CO2 during the Calvin cycle
c. plants produce sugars during photosynthesis
d plants use light for energy in breaking down sugars by cellular respiration
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d. CAM
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Which of the following types of plants would most likely be found in the Mojave Desert?
a. C4
b. C3
c. CAM, C3, and C4 would all be equally likely in this environment
d. CAM
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a. amino acids in a protein
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The ordering of bases in a gene determines the order of:
a. amino acids in a protein
b. mRNAs on a ribosome
c. genes in a genome
d. genes on a chromosome
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c. interphase
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At what point in the cell cycle does DNA replication take place?
a. during cytokinesis
.b prophase
c. interphase
d. continually throughout the cell cycle
e. anaphase
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c. a replicated chromosome
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What is a chromatid?
a. a special region that holds two centromeres together
b. a chromosome found outside the nucleus
c. a replicated chromosome
d. a chromosomes in G1 of the cell cycle
e. another name for the chromosomes found in genetics
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b. 22 pairs of autosomes, an X chromosome, and a Y chromosome
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A liver cell from a human male has:
a. 22 pairs of autosomes, and two X chromosome
b. 22 pairs of autosomes, an X chromosome, and a Y chromosome
c. 23 autosomes, and an X chromosome
d. 46 pairs of autosomes, an X chromosome, and a Y chromosome
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d. A and B only
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By examining a karyotype, it is possible to determine
a. if an organism is haploid or diploid
b. the sex of an animal
c. the age of a tree
d. A and B only
e. A, B, and C
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a. there are 8 homologous pairs
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Which of the following is true of a species that has a chromosome number of 2n=16?
a. there are 8 homologous pairs
b. the species has 16 pairs of homologous chromosomes
c. a gamete from this species has 4 chromosomes
d. the species is diploid with 32 total choromosomes
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c. metaphase
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Imagine looking through a microscope at a squashed onion root tip. The chromosomes of many of the cells are plainly visible. In some cells, replicated chromosomes are aligned along the center of the cell. These particular cells are in which stage of mitosis?
a. prometaphase
b. prophase
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e. a plant cell going through cytokineses
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Vesiles from the golgi are fusing across the middle of the cell. What kind of cell is this?
a. an animal cell during telophase
b. a plant cell during metaphase
c. an animal cell going through cytokinesis
d. a bacterial cell
e. a plant cell going through cytokineses
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d. a large cell with multiple nuclei would result
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What would happen if the cell cycle proceeded normally except cytokinesis did not occur?
a. The absence of cytokinesis would inhibit mitosis
b. the G1 and G2 phases would become shorter
c. cells w/ out a nuclei would be formed
d. a large cell with multiple nuclei would result
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d. A and B only
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Which of the following are required for cancer cells to form?
a. control mechanisms that induce cell division must become hyperactive
b. mechanisms that suppress cell division must fail
c. tumor suppressor genes must metastasize
d. A and B only
e. A, B, and C
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a. prophase I
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Synapsis of homologous pairs ocurs; crossing over may occur
a. prophase I
b. metaphase I
c. telophase I
d. metaphase II
e. anaphase II
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a. the random and independent way in which each pair of homologous chromosomes lines up at the metaphase plate during meiosis I
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Independent assortment of chromosomes is a result of
a. the random and independent way in which each pair of homologous chromosomes lines up at the metaphase plate during meiosis I
b. the random nature of the fertilization of ova by sperm
c. the random distribution of the sister chroma…
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b. sister chromatids separate
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What event occurs in both anaphase of mitosis and anaphase II of meiosis II?
a. chromatin decondenses
b. sister chromatids separate
c. homologous chromosomes pair
d. cytokinesis ends
e. homologous chromosomes separate
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a. tetrad
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Homologous chromosomes pair up to form a structure called
a. tetrad
b. sister chromatid
c. homologue
d. centromere
e. haploid
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e. about 8 million
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For a species with a haploid number of 23 chromosomes, how many different combinations of maternal and paternal chromosomes are possible for the gametes?
a. 460
b. 46
c. 920
d. 23
e. about 8 million
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e. both B and D
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Which of the following occurs in meiosis but not in mitosis?
a. chromosome replication
b. crossing over and recombination
c. production of daughter cells
d. independent assortment
e. both B and D
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c. 23
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If a eukaryotic cell has 23 pairs of chromosomes and it undergoes meiosis, how many chromosomes will the resulting gametes contain?
a. 11
b. 22
c. 23
d. 44
e. 46
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a. sister chromatids are separated
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What important event is associated with anaphase II of meiosis?
a. sister chromatids are separated
b. cytokinesis begins
c. crossing over begins
d. homologous chromosomes are moved to the metaphase plate
e. homologoud chromosomes are separated
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a. an egg and three polar bodies
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What are the products of Oogenesis?
a. an egg and three polar bodies
b. four zygotes
c. four somatic cells
d. four haploid spermatids
e. more than one of the above is correct
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BIOL 1103: Exam 1