MUSC 200: Study Guide
106 Cards in this Set
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Treaty of Tordesillas
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divided land between spain and Portugal and Portugal got brazil
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Economic issues of Brazil
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hyperinflation, poverty, poor civil rights, big class gap, close to world power
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Favelas
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brizil - blacks who moved to cities
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Irmandades
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brazil - brotherhoods (Cuban cabildos)
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Kilombos
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brazil - native villages for escaped slaves. Blended afr and native culture. Polytheism, nature oriented
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Candomble
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brazil - syncretic religion, Bahia, animal sac, spiritual invocation
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Atabaque
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brazil - look like congas, religious mostly
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Bombo
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brazil - bass drum
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Surdo
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brazil - bombo used in samba baterias
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Zambumba
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brazil - bombo used for forro and balao
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Repinique
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brazil - lead drum, high pitch`
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Tamborim
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brazil- small drum, single-head
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Pandeiro
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brazil - tambourines
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Agogo
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brazil - cowbells
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Cuica
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brazil - stick, friction drum
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Capoeira
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brazil - dance fighting
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Carnival
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brazil - late 19th century, poor society controlled culture
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Entrudo
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brazil - Portuguese colonial pre-lent celebration, drenched in nasty stuff
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Chiquinha Gonzaga
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brazil - composer for 1st carnival song, 1st lady of choro, pianist, guitarist, composer, conductor
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escola de samba
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brazil - samba schools
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enredo
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brazil - theme for a parade
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carros alegoricos
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brazil - floats
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destaque
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brazil - high ranked in samba schools and stand on float
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bateria
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brazil - percussion ensemble
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batucada
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brazil - samba style bateria plays
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sambadrome
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brazil - parade stadium
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forro
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brazil - dance country music, sensual happy lively dance
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baiao
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brazil - based on euro ballroom dancing, bamboo flutes, accordion, triangle, luiz Gonzaga, from Pernambuco
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modinha
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brazil- art music
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choro
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brazil - instrumental band style, compared to early jazz band styles
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Pixinguinha
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brazil - important choro performer, flutist and saxophonist
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bossa nova
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brazil - jazz mixed with samba and slowed down, cool sound, lyrics emphasize the good life,
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La Violencia
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colombia - conflict that killed 300,000
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Zambo
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colombia- prominent after abolition
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Bambuco
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colombia - Interior dance style, euro afr native, chirimias and carrascas, national dance of Colombia,
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Chirimias
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colombia - bambuco - cane flutes
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Carrascas
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colombia - bambuco- drums
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dia de los negros
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colombia - slaves 1st day of freedom
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cumbia
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colombia - zambo courtship dance, colonial times in slave ports, syncopated, duple meter, tambora & llamador & mayor, sensual and sexually suggestive
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cumbia de gaita
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colombia - folk genre, indigenous flutes, community celebrations, 2 flutes macho and hembra
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Three styles of musica tropical
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colombia - Cuban music, merengue, cumbia (salsa bands started playing cumbia)
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Porro
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colombia - influenced by native gaitas, afr percussion, euro military bands. Improv, early to mid 20th, jazz instrumentation
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Vallenato
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colombia - 1930s, drug trafficking, accordion, competitions, 1950s elec guitar, bass added
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Caja
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colombia - vallenato - single head drum
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Guacharaca
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colombia - vallenato - native scraping instrument
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Vallenato styles
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colombia - son, paseo, puya, merengue
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Son
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colombia - vallenato - stately, melancholy
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paseo
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colombia - vallenato- duple meters, many tempo
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puya
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colombia - vallenato- fast virtuosic
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merengue
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colombia - vallenato- triple meter
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Currulao
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colombia - African courtship dance, similar to bambuco. Marimba.
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Champeta
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colombia- popular urban style, 1980s, heavily influenced by African pop
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Arrabales
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Argentina- working class slums
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Porteno
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argentina- rich, cultured, people living in port cities, resist culture change, resisted tango at first
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Gaucho
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argentina - mestizo or criollo, members or marginal groups, cattle driving, culture thrives in art, music, trad, and lit
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Payadores
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argentina- travelling musicians from one ranch (estancia) to another in exchange for food and shelter
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Milonga
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argentina- same time as payada, gaucho style song and dance, community performances, fast, 3 step
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Compadre
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argentina - new name for gauchos (tango origins)
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Lunfardo
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argentina - working-class slang, mixed Italian, French, Portuguese, concealed meanings from outsiders
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Bandoneon
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argentina- accordion with buttons on both ends, german
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guardia vieja
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argentina- 1920,toned down sexuality, theatres and cabarets,
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guardia nueva
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argentina - nationalist movement, refined tango, carlos gardel, lyrics complex
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nueva tango
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argentina - tango became stagnant, jazz and rock permeated, astor piazzolla
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Astor Piazzola
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argentina- Italian, learned bandeon, revitalized new direction of tango
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Carlos Gardel
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argentina - Buenos aires,dramatic, 1910 cabarets, recorded over 500 tangos
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Minstrelsy
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- Lasted from Highly racist form of entertainment. Very popular art form for a century 1830-1910. started off very political and then became a total slam.
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Thomas Dartmouth Rice
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- created the song Jim crow. Blackface white performer from poor area of new York. Performed this song while dancing the cakewalk.
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Olio
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- varied section with music skits and more songs, Finale, everyone involved. Take it all out
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plantation songs
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- much like parlor but romanticized life On the plantation.
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parlour songs
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- comedic minstrel songs, meant to be performed for the family by the family
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race records
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recordings by mostly southern black musicians
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hilbilly records
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early country music before it was called country.
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country blues
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- Male singer with his guitar. Holler singing style. Slide made with a bottle or knife. Robert Johnson,
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Robert Johnson
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- best blues guitarist ever, influence on eric clapton, crossroads, sold soul to the devil
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Carter Family
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- AP carter-fiddle, sara and maybelle-autoharp and guitar, beginnings of country music
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Jimmie Rodgers
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- yodel, Mississippi, first country star, singing rakeman
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Bluegrass
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- only strings, strong triple vocal harmonies, scotch-irish folk music, blues infl, driving rhythm, high speed technical virtuosity**
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Western Swing
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- steel guitar, dance style country/jazz/swingbeat, stimulated by oil boom, in bars and dance halls, pop in S and SW
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Bob Wills
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- (texas playboys) recording artist, piano, accordion, sax, horn, elec guitar, drums, MARIACHI INFLUENCE
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lap steel guitar
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- 1931, amplified
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Grand Ole Opry
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- Nashville, rec offices, center for country
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Hank Williams
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- honky tonk, "..is to country music what Robert Johnson was to blues"
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Duke Ellington
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- early jazz band leader from NY, cotton club, race kept him at composer level, understood capabilities and timbres of instruments, used effects
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Cotton Club
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- white club with only black employees, looked like southern plantation, ellington convinced owners to allow black patronage
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Boogie Woogie
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- origins in TX and LA but 1st recorded in Chicago, popularized by Carnegie hall, Strong piano bass line, big joe turner
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Bebop
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- listening, very fast, highly virtuosic
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Jump Blues
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- dance music, rhythm section, blues chord progression, shuffle or boogie bass, srong back beat.
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Louis Jordan
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- king of jump blues, untempo music, humor, b and w appeal, influence early rock
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First rock and roll songs?
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- rocket 88: ike turner, that's allright: elvis, rock around the clock: bill haley and the comets
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Atlantic records
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- house that Ruth Brown built, one of most successful and long lived R&B labels, Ruth brown-1st female r&b singer
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Sister Rosetta Tharpe
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- guitar in gospel
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Crossover
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- black to white, R&B attracted young white youth (economy boost, technology)
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1950s racism in industry
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- objection to attracting white youth, "dangerous beat", explicit lyrics
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Chuck Berry
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- Missouri, crossover appeal, signature guitar rift, aware of mixed audience and appealed to it, country styles, celebrated rock and roll, clearly enunciated
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Elvis
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- discovered by sam Philips/sun records, rockabilly
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Sun Records
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- pioneered rockabilly sound, 1st big hit that's all right mama
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Sam Phillips
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- managed elvis until he got to famous
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Buddy Holly
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- popularized Stratocaster, nerd look, singing style different, wrote own songs
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"The day the music died"
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- 1959 plane crash
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beatles
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John Lennon - beatles guitarist
Paul McCartney - beatles bassist
Ringo Starr (Richard Starkey) - beatles drummer
George Harrison - beatles lead guitarist
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Brian Epstein
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- driving force behind the british invasion, beatles manager, cleaned up beatles
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George Martin
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- engineer to british invasion, classiscally trained musician
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Skiffle
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- folksy country sound, english fad
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Rubber Soul
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- beatles moved away from teen pop to musical experimentation
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Sgt. Pepper
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beatles- total acid trip band, concept album.
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White Album
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beatles- when lennon met yoko ohno
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MUSC 200: FOLK ROCK