ACCT 2521: PROLOGUE
23 Cards in this Set
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business process
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a series of steps that are followed to carry out some task in a business
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Chief Financial Officer
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The member of the top management team who is responsible or providing timely and relevant data to support planning and control activities and for preparing financial statements for external users
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constraint
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anything that prevents an organization or individual from getting more of what it wants
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controller
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the member of the top management team who is responsible for providing relevant and timely data to managers and for preparing financial statements for external users. This person reports to the CFO.
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corporate governance
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the system by which a company is directed and controlled. If properly implemented it should provide incentives for top management to pursue objectives that are in the best interests of the company and it should effectively monitor performance.
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corporate social responsibility
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a concept whereby organizations consider the needs of all stakeholders when making decisions. It extends beyond legal compliance to include voluntary actions that satisfy stakeholder expectations
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decentralization
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the delegation of decision making authority throughout an organization by providing managers with the authority to make decisions relating to their area of responsibility
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enterprise risk management
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a process used by a company to help identify the risks that it faces and to develop responses to those risks that enable the company to be reasonably assured of meeting its goals
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finished goals
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units of product that have been completed but have not yet been sold to customers
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just-in-time (JIT)
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a production and inventory control system in which materials are purchased and units are produced only as needed to meet actual customer demand
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lean thinking model
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a five-step management approach that organizes resources around the flow of business processes and that pulls units through these processes in response to customer orders
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line
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a position in an organization that is directly related to the achievement of the organization's basic objective
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non value added activities
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activities that consume resources that but do not add value for which customers are willing to pay
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organization chart
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a diagram of a company's organizational structure that depicts formal lines of reporting, communication, and responsibility between managers
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raw materials
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materials that are used to make a product
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sarbanes-oxley act of 2002
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legislation enacted to protect the interests of stockholders who invest in publicly traded companies by improving the reliability and accuracy of the disclosures provided to them
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six sigma
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a method that relies on customer feedback and objective data gathering and analysis techniques to drive process improvements
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staff
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a position in an organization that is only indirectly related to the achievement of the organizations basic objectives. such positions provide service or assistance to line positions or to other staff positions
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strategy
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a "game plan" that enables a company to attract customers by distinguishing itself from competitiors
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supply chain management
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a management approach that coordinates business processes across companies to better serve and consumers
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theory of constraints (TOC)
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a management that emphasizes the importance of managing constraints
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value chain
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the major business functions that add value to a company's products and services such as research and development, product design, manufacturing, marketing, distribution, and customer service
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work in progress
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units of product that are only partially complete and will require further work before they are ready for sale to a customer
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ACCT 2521: CHAPTER 1