ANT 2100: PHYSIOLOGY EXAM 1
35 Cards in this Set
| Front | Back |
|---|---|
|
Solution
|
Mixture of small solutes and water. ex) electrolytes mixed in plasma
|
|
Colloid
|
Mixture of medium sized solutes and water. They don't precipitate in from water Ex) proteins in the plasma
|
|
Suspension
|
Large solutes and water. Will separate if not constantly mixed. ex) red blood cells mixed in plasma
|
|
How much water is in the intracellular compartment?
|
2/3
|
|
How much water is in the extracellular compartment?
|
1/3
|
|
Inorganic molecules:
|
small, simple molecules. (acids and bases included)
|
|
Organic molecules
|
large complex molecules that contain carbon
|
|
What does ATP stand for
|
Adenosine triphosphate. Adenine molecule+ribose molecule+ 3 phosphate molecules
|
|
Anaerobic Cellular Respiration
|
2 net Atp
1 H20
2 lactic acid
heat produced
|
|
Glycolysis
|
Occurs in cytoplasm and catabolized into 2 pyretic acids
|
|
Cori Cycle
|
Lactic acid converted back to glucose
|
|
Aerobic order of processes
(mitochondria)
|
1) glycolysis
2)Accetyl-Coa Forms
3)krebs cycle
4) Electron transport chain
|
|
Acetyl-Coa
Converted from what? and how much C02 produced?
|
Converted from pyretic acid. 2 total c02 produced
|
|
Krebs cyle
How many ATP?
How many NADH?
How many FADH
HOw many C02?
|
2 ATP
6 NADH
2 FADH
4CO2
|
|
Electron Transport Chain. ATP synthase produces how many ATPs?
|
32-34 ATPs
|
|
Summary or Aerobic cellular Respiration
|
-36-38 ATP
(2 from glycolysis, 2 from krebs cycle, 32-34 from ETC)
-6 CO2 molecules
(2 from acetyl-coa, 4 from Krebs)
-7 H2O ( 1 from glycolysis, 6 from ETC)
Heat produced
|
|
Carbs composed of ?
|
Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen with large # of oxygen, which makes them polar
|
|
Monosaccharides
|
6 carbon:
Glucose
Fructose
Galactose
5 Carbon:
Deoxyribose
Ribose
|
|
Disaccharides
|
Maltose= Glucose+glucose
Sucrose= Glucose+Fructose
Lactose= Glucose+Galactose
|
|
Polysaccharides
|
Starch
Glycogen
Fiber =(ex cellulose- indigestible carb)
|
|
Main functions or carbs
|
-Makes ATP
-Provides structure
-Forms bulk
-General homeostasis
|
|
Lipids
|
composed of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen
LOWER RATIO OF OXYGEN TO CARBON
|
|
Main functions of lipids
|
-Used to make ATP
-Vital of cell membranes
-Regulation
-Protection/insulation
-General Homeostasis
|
|
Triglyceride composed of:
|
Glycerol and 3 fatty acids
|
|
Saturated
|
single bonds
|
|
unsaturated
|
1 or more double bonds
|
|
monounsaturated
|
1 double bond
|
|
polyunsaturated
|
more than 1 double bond
|
|
Phospholipid composed of
|
Glycerol molecule+2 fatty acids+phosphate molecule. Important to cell membrane
|
|
Cholesterol
|
used to make steroids.
|
|
Steroids
|
Composed of carbon rings. Ex) testosterone, estrogen, bile salt
|
|
Unsaturated fats raises ..?
|
HDL. High density lipoprotein
|
|
Saturated fats raise?
|
LDL. (bad) Low density lipoprotein
|
|
1)2-10 a.a =
2)11-50=
3) greater than 50=
|
1. peptide (very small)
2)polypeptide (small)
3) protein
|
|
Main functions of proteins
|
-structure to cells/tissues
-Regulation
-Transport
-Immunity
-General Homeostasis
|
ANT 2100: PHYSIOLOGY EXAM 1