30 Cards in this Set
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Pelops
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-Son of Tantalus, marries Hippodameia & has kids Atreus & Thyestes
-Series of blood crimes in the family
-He continues the blood crimes by betraying Myrtilus, who curses him
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Erinyes
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-The Furies
-Orestes is pursued by them when he kills Clytemnestra & Aegisthus, as Apollo told him to
-An act can be designated by the gods and still punished by them, law vs. justice
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Sacrifice of Iphigenia
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-Agamemnon sacrifices his daughter at beginning of Trojan War
-Sacrificed to please Artemis & atone for the future deaths of Trojan War
-Betrayal (Agamemnon betrays Clytemnestra & Iphigenia), sacrifice to the gods at all costs
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Electra
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-Daughter of Agamemnon & Clytemnestra
-Hated mother for killing father, plans vengeance with Orestes (brother)
-vengeance vs. law & justice, Electra complex in psychology
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Timê
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-Honor, material prize
-Gaining kingship or a wife, taking armor after killing someone
-Symbol of public esteem, ancient Greek values
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Aretê
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-Virtue, excellence
-In the Odyssey, Penelope has great aretê because she remains faithful to Odysseus
-Values of ancient Greeks, heroes
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Calchas the Prophet
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-Says that Agamemnon's daughter must be sacrificed to compensate for future deaths
-Calchas sees a snake eat 8 baby birds and their mother, says that the war will last 9 years and the city will be captured in the 10th
-Begins the Mycenaean Saga
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Priam
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-King of Troy, father of Hector and Paris
-Disguised by Hermes and begs Achilles to give him Hector's body. Achilles finally agrees & Priam holds funeral for Hector, stops war for 11 days
-proper burial
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Cassandra
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-Prophet that no one believes, Trojan princess
-Murdered by Clytemnestra & Aegisthus upon arrival in plot against Agamemnon
-betrayal, vengeance
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Oath of Tyndareous
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-oath made by Tyndareous, Spartan king and father of Helen and Clytemnestra
-He made Helen's suitors swear to forever protect the suitor he chose for her, chose Menelaus
-Suitors held oath when called upon to fight with Menelaus in the Trojan War
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Briseïs
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-Princess of Lyrnessus in Trojan War
-Achilles kills her whole family, takes her as timê & they fall in love. Agamemnon tries to take her, Achilles gets mad & refuses to fight
-major conflict between Agamemnon & Achilles
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Ajax the Greater
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-Second only to Achilles, one of best Greeks
-Always loses in battle with Odysseus, kills himself because of it
-foil to Odysseus (brauns vs. brains)
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Pontifex
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-Priest
-Controlled bridge near Tiber, connected to the main city
-Importance of water to the Romans
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Fasti
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-Calendar of Roman festivals by Ovid
-Cult & festival for Flora, goddess of renewal & spring
-source of our knowledge of Roman customs
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Mercury
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-Roman god of trade & profit
-Trickster, once stole Vulcan's unbreakable net
-Associated with Hermes
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Nausicaa
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-Phaecian princess
-Finds Odysseus on the shore, bathes him & gives him clothes, her parents are impressed by him & want them to marry
-Temptation for Odysseus to stay and have the kingdom
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Eurymachus
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-Lead suitor of Penelope
-Plots the murder of Telemachus, shows no xenia
-First that Odysseus kills when he comes home
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Eurycleia
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-Odysseus' maid
-First to recognize Odysseus by his scar
-Helps with Penelope's realization that it's him, helps with their fight to take back the house
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Demodocus
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-Blind bard
-Tells tales of Odysseus & Achilles fighting in Trojan War, doesn't know Odysseus is there
-Makes Odysseus cry (accidentally), which isn't proper xenia
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Lotus-eaters
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-First people Odysseus & his men reach after blown off course by storm
-Friendly, but give them a drug that makes them forget nostos, heroism, home
-Threat of forgetfulness to a hero trying to reach nostos
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Rhea Silvia
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-mother of Romulus & Remus, daughter of rightful king of Alba Longa (Numitor)
-Forced by uncle to become a vestal virgin when he takes over Alba Longa so that she won't havae a son to take over throne. Impregnated by Mars & has Romulus & Remus
-rescued & married to Tiberinus, subject to…
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Penates
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-Household deities associated with personal family & productivity of the home
-Items representing the deities would be placed near the hearth or atrium
-closely associated with Vesta, symbol of continuing life of the family
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Capitoline Triad
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-Group of deities worshiped in the Capitolium
-Juno, Jupiter, Minerva
-Specifically important to Romans, not Greeks
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Laestrygonians
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-giant cannibals
-speared Odysseus' men like fish, destroyed all but one of his ships with huge rocks
-still can't return home
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Calypso
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-nymph whose island Odysseus is trapped on
-They are lovers, she keeps Odysseus there for years until the gods force her to let him go
-Temptation for Odysseus not to return home
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Polyphemus
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-Cyclops, son of Poseidon
-Odysseus & his men trapped in his cave, he uses his smarts to get them away but hubris gets the best of him
-Poseidon is angered, civilized vs. uncivilized
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Cattle of Hyperion
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-Apollo's cattle of the sun
-Odysseus' men eat them even though he told them not to, Apollo asks Zeus to punish them & he destroys their last ship
-Power of the gods, disobedience of Odysseus' men
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Meleager & the Calydonian Boar
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-King of Calydon, declares hunt of boar sent by Artemis as punishment
-Heroes hunt it, Atalanta is the first to injure it. Meleager kills his uncles after a fight over whether Atalanta should get the hide. His mom prays that he will die
-Fate--the story of his death is sown as soon as h…
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Nostos
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-homecoming
-Odyssey is about Odysseus' homecoming
-must be achieved to receive aretê
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Tiberinus
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-god of river Tiber
-Found Romulus & Remus, saves abandoned babies, rescued & married Rhea Silvia
-Plays important role in assisting heroes
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CC 303: Exam 2