80 Cards in this Set
| Front | Back |
|---|---|
|
Decorative fabrics
|
textiles used for upholstery, draperies, wall hangings, and curtains marketed to manufacturers of furniture and draperies. ***does not include the manufactured (cut-and-sew) products
|
|
Soft Floor coverings
|
Textile products used as flooring material; soft distinguishes them from floor covering of tiles, linoleum, marble. Include:carpets, rugs, underlay material; area rugs.
pg.240
|
|
Decorative Fabrics
Manufactured Products
|
domestics, or home textiles and fabrics
|
|
residential
|
textile products used for houses, apartments, private residences
|
|
Institutional Textiles
|
Products such as beddings, towelings, and tabletop accessories designed and selected for use in such hospitality settings as motels, hotes, and restaurants; in such care-type facilities as hospitals; and in such commercial settings as penal institutions and dormitories
|
|
Commercial-Contract
|
Broad range of textile uses in office buildings, hotels, bank lobbies, airport decor, religious buildings, stores & restaurants. End use: upholstery; drapery; carpets; & wall applications.
Emphasis on function and performance
More expensive than residential.
pg. 243
|
|
ACT
|
promotes contract fabrics for its members, Symbols placed on contract fabrics,
provide assurance that they meet
suggested industry standards of
performance.
|
|
Flammable Fabrics Act 1953
|
prohibits the marketing of dangerously flammable material
|
|
upholstered furniture action council
|
(UFAC) Voluntary standards
for upholstered furniture – showing a UFAC label
• If a material is flammable, simply burns or is also combustible
• Degree of flammability
• How much smoke and toxic gas the material produces when ignited
|
|
Upholstery fabrics
|
subjected to greater in-use stress than other textiles- high abrasian resistance and strength, pleasing hand, colorfastness, no seam slipping, must not pill, flame resistant finish required in contract
|
|
Up the bolt
|
fabric placed so the warp is top to bottom (vertical)
|
|
Railroading
|
The directional feature of the fabric pattern & repeat determines whether a fabric should be cut up the bolt or be railroaded.
90 degrees from the up-the bolt direction. Ex: warp stripe would run vertically from the top to bottom of a chair.
|
|
Carpet
|
heavy fabric used for soft floor covering
|
|
BROADLOOM
|
(ONLY PERTAIN TON CARPET) ANY CARPET TUFTED OR WOVEN WIDER THAN 54 INCHES (THE MOST POPULAR WIDTHS ARE 12 FEET AND 15 FEET)
|
|
Wall-to-wall carpet
|
entire floor space, from baseboard to baseboard is covered
|
|
Modular carpet
|
square carpet material (18-36in)
|
|
Pile portion
|
the face side of carpeting
|
|
tufted carpet
|
has 2 fabric backings, primary anchors face yarns, secondary is bonded to add strength, stability, body
|
|
Loop pile carpet
|
similar surface to woven terrycloth
|
|
level type carpet
|
all loops are same height, good for traffic
|
|
High-low carpet
|
loops at different heights, pattern, less durable
|
|
Cut pile
|
cut pile loops leaving 2 tufts of yarn (velvet)
|
|
plush carpet
|
dense, level surface with deeper than normal cut pile
|
|
frieze
|
surface yarns have very high twist
|
|
Carpet Fibers
|
1. Nylon
predominant face fiber
excellent wear ability
soil and mildew resistant
anti-static properties achieved through the use of conductive filaments
2. Polypropylene (olefin)
good resistance to abrasion, soil and mildew
outdoor carpeting
3. Wool
excellent resilience and warmt…
|
|
yarns in carpet
|
bulked continuous filament- less likely than spun to pill
|
|
printing for carpet
|
Millitron printer- small jets of dye solution
|
|
Linens
|
general term for tablecloths, napkins, sheets, towels (flax usually)
|
|
fabric count
|
number of ends or picks or wales per inch- Yarns per inch: count individual or groups, stitches per inch- count stitches
|
|
ounces per square yard
|
weight of a piece of fabric 36" 36"
|
|
Fabric performance testing
|
-Involves formalized, exacting procedures and requires trained technical personnel and laboratory facilities for their undertaking
-Used for quality control, development of new fabrics, analysis of the cause of cloth problems, determination of the acceptable consumer performance level, a…
|
|
American Society for Testing and Materials Intl
|
remember this i guess?
|
|
Physical tests
|
breaking strength, tearing strength, abrasion resistance, pilling
|
|
Colorfastness tests
|
to sunlight, washing, crocking
|
|
Chemical tests
|
Fiber ID, antibacterial, mercization in cotton
|
|
optical tests
|
grading of wool fibers, fiber ID, inspection of defects
|
|
Breaking strength
|
force required to break a fabric when it is under tension
|
|
Appearance tests
|
determine how fabrics will look after being used
|
|
Pilling Propensity
|
tendency of pills to form on a surface
|
|
Wrinkle resistance
|
-The property that enables a fabric to recover from being folded and from forming undesirable wrinkles
|
|
Air permeability
|
many variables; fiber crimp, yarn size, yarns per inch, thickness
|
|
Dimensional change
|
increase or decrease in the length or width of fabric; shrinkage, stretch
|
|
Appearance change
|
fabrics specially treated to maintain certain appearance properties after being laundered and dried
|
|
flammability
|
fabrics ability to burn
|
|
Flammable
|
easy to set on fire and sustain combustion
cotton, rayon, acetate, nylon, poly
|
|
Flame resistant
|
flaming combustion is prevented terminated, or inhibited
wool, silk
|
|
Fire retardant
|
resists combustion
modacryllic, flame retardant finishes
|
|
Flameproof
|
doesnt burn
glass, PBI, abestos
|
|
Colorfastness to burnt gas fumes (gas fading)
|
textile materials change color from exposure to atmosphere
acetate is worst
|
|
Examining for suitability
|
end use, performance expectations
|
|
Fabric content
|
understnading fiber properties
|
|
yarn properties
|
fibers affect aesthetics, Woolen/Worsted and Carded/Combed = woolen coarse &
fuzzy, worsted smooth & uniform. Combed/worsted better
and more costly.
|
|
Colorfastness
|
related to chemistry of fibers, dyes, pigments, penetration & fixation
|
|
bleeding
|
loss of color in water or other solutions
|
|
fading
|
color loss due to perspiration gas, sunlight, dyes degraded.
|
|
Migration
|
color movement to adjacent areas or fabrics
|
|
Crocking
|
color transfer to another fabric or skin from rubbing togehter
|
|
tendering
|
destruction of fabric due to reaction of dye and fiber, caused by heat, light, atmospheric contamination
|
|
Frosting
|
colored portion of fabric lost by abrasion (due to poor dye penetration
|
|
Water soluble soils
|
dissolved in water; soda, coffee
|
|
Non water soluble, or organic soils
|
removed by the assistance of a detergent or soap and heat
fruit, vegetable, oils and grease
|
|
Surfactants
|
Reduces surface tension by disrupting the cohesive forces between water molecules
In humans, surfactant synthesis does not begin until late gestation
|
|
Dry Cleaning
|
articles cleaned in organic solvent cleansing fluid and tumbled in machine- not water based
|
|
Dry cleaning solvents
|
Perc- #1 used today, toxic fumes
hydrocarbons- toxicity and environmental impact
liquid CO2, expensive
|
|
Professional wet cleaning
|
uses more controls that washing; temp, water levels, mechanical agitation, soaps, cleaning additives
|
|
Washing symbols
|
dots indicate increasing heat or temp; lines mean reduced action or treatment
|
|
Textile fiber products identification act
|
fiber content of textiles must be contained on label attached to item; generic fiber names, % by weight, country of origin, ID number, contents of components seperately
|
|
Wool products labeling act
|
protect manufactures and consumers from wool fiber substitutes
|
|
Flammable Fabrics Act
|
Requires a formal certification known as a guarantee that verifies that a fabric has met the minimum requirements under the appropriate federal code.
|
|
care labeling rule
|
requires apparel to carry a permanently affixed label with instruction on regular care
|
|
biodegradable
|
ability to degrade quickly
|
|
green product
|
color green symbolizes product that is favorable to environment
|
|
Sustainability
|
indicates products impact on environmental systems over the lifetime of a product
|
|
Cradle-to-cradle
|
focus on reclaiming and recycling post-consumer materials into useful products
|
|
organic cotton
|
government certified 3 years or more of organic farming practices
|
|
transition cotton
|
cotton produced on land that has been organically farmed for less than 3 years
|
|
Slow fashion
|
designing, producing, consuming, and living better. not time-based, but Quality- based.
|
|
Environmental Protection agency
|
regulates water, air, noise pollution and waste disposal
|
|
Resource Conservation and Recovery act
|
controls hazardous waste with cradle-to-grave system requirement
|
|
pollution prevention act
|
minimize waste, improve treatment of toxic chemicals, encourage recycling
|
DM 120: EXAM ONE