CHEM 2080: Prelim 2-A
45 Cards in this Set
Front | Back |
---|---|
elementary reactions occur in…
|
a single step
|
reaction mechanisms are a series of…
|
elementary reactions
|
Intermediate species do not…
|
appear in the overall reaction equation
|
Intermediate species are produced…
|
in one step and consumed in the next
|
Define bimolecular reactions
|
reactions of two molecules
|
Define unimolecular reactions…
|
reactions involving a single species
|
Collision theory of reaction rates
|
two species must collide in order to react
|
In reference to collision theory, the rate of reaction = …
|
(collision frequency)( fraction of collisions with required energy)(fraction of collisions with the correct orientation)
|
collision frequency is proportional to…
|
[A][B]
|
Activation energy is denoted…
|
Ea
|
Units of activation energy
|
J/mol
|
The activation energy is the minimum energy necessary to…
|
cause a reaction between colliding molecules
|
An activated complex is denoted
|
++
|
In an activation energy diagram, when the graph is at the maximum, the molecule is…
|
unstable
|
The rate-determining step states that the rate of the overall reaction cannot be…
|
faster than the rate of the slowest step
|
Catalysts increase…
|
the rate of reaction by providing a faster mechanism
|
Catalysts are not…
|
consumed in the reaction
|
Define termoleculer reaction
|
reaction of 3 molecules
|
Define homogenous caatalyst
|
in the same phase as the reaction mixture
|
Define heterogenous catalyst
|
in a different phase than the reaction mixture
|
Define the Michaelis Menten Mechanism
|
Two-step process that involves the formation of an intermediate complex between the enzyme and substrate
|
Half-life is the time for a reaction to…
|
consume 50% of the reactants
|
Half-life is usually dependent on…
|
concentration
|
Half-life is not dependent on concentration when…
|
1st order reactions are involved
|
When graphing the rate law, what should be graphed vs. time?
|
[A] or log[A] or 1/[A]
|
After graphing the rate law, find…
|
the most linear plot
|
For the rate of elementary reactions, the rate law can be determined from…
|
the reaction
|
In literal terms, the rate of elementary reactions = …
|
(rate of reactants colliding)(Probability of enough energy)(Probability of correct orientation)
|
Rate of the reactants colliding depends on…
|
concentration
|
Probability of enough energy to react dictances dependence on…
|
heat
|
The forward rate of a reaction relates to…
|
the amount of reactant
|
Concentration is subject to…
|
stoichiometric coefficients
|
Concentrations of pure solids and liquids = …
|
1.0
|
Equilibrium constants should be determined at a specific…
|
temperature
|
Equilibrium constants are raised to the _____power
|
stoichiometric coefficient
|
A large Kc yields a large amount of…
|
product at equilibrium
|
A small Kc yields a small amount of…
|
product at equilibrium
|
Kp = Kc when…
|
the sum of the stoichiometric coefficients of the gaseous reactants = gaseous products
|
In terms of Kc, Kp = …
|
Kc(RT)^(vgas)
|
In terms of Kf, Kr = …
|
1/Kf
|
Define Le Chatliers Principle
|
If a chemical reaction at equilibrium is subjected to a change in conditions displacing it from equilibrium, the reaction adjusts towards a new equilibrium state
|
Changes that may affect equilibrium
|
concentrations, volume, pressure or temperature
|
Value of the equilibrium constant only depends on…
|
temperature
|
In general, a decrease in volume shifts a reaction in equilibrium toward the side with…
|
the smaller number of moles of gas
|
In general, an increase in pressure shifts a reaction at equilibrium toward the side with…
|
the smaller number of moles of gas
|