Anatomical Kinesiology Kin 325 Lecture 9 Outline of Last Lecture I. Lower Leg-Bones-Tendons-Nerves-ArteriesOutline of Current Lecture I. Lower Leg Muscles-Anterior -Lateral-PosteriorII. Foot Muscles Current LectureAnkle joint movements:- Dorsiflexion: movement of foot so superior surface moves superiorly- Plantarflexion: movement of foot so plantar (inferior) surface moves inferiorlyIntertarsal joints:- Inversion: movement of foot so plantar surface faces medially- Eversion: movement of foot so plantar surface faces laterallyMetatarsal-phalangeal joints:- Flexion: movement of phalanges so plantar surface moves inferiorly- Extension: movement of phalanges so plantar surface moves superiorly- Abduction: movement of toes away from digit IIThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.- Adduction: movement of toes toward digit IIInterphalangeal joints:- Flexion: movement of phalanges so plantar surface moves inferiorly- Extension: movement of phalanges so plantar surface moves superiorlyMUSCLESLeg MusclesNerves:Anterior leg: deep fibular nerveLateral leg: superficial fibular nervePosterior leg: tibial nerveANTERIOR LEGTIBIALIS ANTERIORAttachments:Proximal: lateral condyle & shaft of tibia; interosseous membraneDistal: medial surface of the first cuneiform bone and base of metatarsal 1.Innervation: Deep fibular (peroneal) nerveAction at the talocrural (ankle) joint:-dorsiflexionAction at the intertarsal joints:-inversionEXTENSOR HALLUCIS LONGUSAttachments:Proximal: anterior surface of the fibula & interosseous membraneDistal: distal phalanx of digit 1, dorsal surfaceInnervation: Deep fibular (peroneal) nerveAction at the talocrural joint:-dorsiflexionAction at the intertarsal joints:-inversionAction at the metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joint of digit 1:-extension Action at the interphalangeal (I-P) joint of digit 1:-extensionEXTENSOR DIGITORUM LONGUSAttachments: Proximal: lateral condyle of tibia, proximal part of the shaft of the fibula, interosseous membraneDistal: middle and distal phalanges of digits 2 through 5. Innervation: Deep fibular (peroneal) nerveAction at the talocrural joint:-dorsiflexionAction at the intertarsal joints:-eversionAction at the metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joints of digits 2-5:-extension Action at the interphalangeal (PIP & DIP) joints of digits 2-5:-extensionFIBULARIS (PERONEUS) TERTIUSAttachments:Proximal: distal part of the shaft of the fibula Distal: dorsal surface of the base of metatarsal 5 Innervation: Deep fibular (peroneal) nerveAction at the talocrural joint:-dorsiflexionAction at the intertarsal joints:-eversionLATERAL LEGFIBULARIS (Peroneus) LONGUSAttachments:Proximal: proximal two-thirds of the lateral fibulaDistal: lateral aspect of the first cuneiform and base of metatarsal 1Innervation: Superficial fibular (peroneal) nerveAction at the talocrural joint:-plantar flexionAction at the intertarsal joints:-eversionFIBULARIS (Peroneus) BREVISAttachments:Proximal: distal two-thirds of the lateral aspect of the fibulaDistal: base of metatarsal 5Innervation: Superficial fibular nerveAction at the talocrural joint:-plantar flexionAction at the intertarsal joints:-eversionPOSTERIOR LEGGASTROCNEMIUSAttachments:Proximal: medial & lateral condyles of femurDistal: calcaneus via Achilles’ tendonInnervation: Tibial nerveAction at the knee joint:-flexionAction at the talocrural (ankle) joint:-plantar flexionSOLEUSAttachments:Proximal: soleal line & posterior surface of the tibia and fibulaDistal: posterior surface of the calcaneus via Achilles’ tendonInnervation: Tibial nerve Action at the talocrural (ankle) joint:-plantar flexion* Together, the gastrocnemius & soleus are known as the “triceps surae”. PLANTARISAttachments:Proximal: lateral supracondylar ridge of the femur Distal: posterior aspect of the calcaneusInnervation: Tibial nerveAction at the ankle joint:-plantar flexionPOPLITEUSAttachments:Proximal: Lateral femoral condyleDistal: soleal/popliteal line of the tibiaInnervation: Tibial nerveAction: Knee flexion, knee medial rotation (open chain), lateral rotation of femur (closed chain)TIBIALIS POSTERIORAttachments:Proximal: posterior aspect of the tibia, fibula and interosseous membraneDistal: tuberosity of the navicular, cuboid bone, cuneiforms, and bases of metatarsals2-4Innervation: Tibial nerveAction at the talocrural joint:-plantar flexionAction at the intertarsal joints:-inversionFLEXOR DIGITORUM LONGUSAttachments:Proximal: posterior surface of the tibiaDistal: distal phalanges of digits 2 through 5; plantar surfaceInnervation: Tibial nerveAction at the talocrural joint:-plantar flexionAction at the intertarsal joints:-inversionAction at metatarsal-phalangeal (MTP) joints of digits 2 - 5: -flexionAction at interphalangeal (IP) joints of digits 2 - 5:-flexionFLEXOR HALLUCIS LONGUSAttachments:Proximal: posterior aspect of the fibula & interosseous membraneDistal: distal phalanx of digit 1 (big toe); plantar surfaceInnervation: Tibial nerveAction at the talocrural joint:-plantar flexionAction at the intertarsal joints:-inversion Action at metatarsal-phalangeal (MTP) joint of digit 1:-flexionAction at interphalangeal (IP) joint of digit 1:-flexionFoot MuclesNerves:- Medial plantar nerve- Lateral plantar nerveFLEXOR DIGITORUM BREVISAttachments:Proximal: calcaneus and plantar fasciaDistal: lateral aspects of the middle phalanges of digits 2-5Innervation: medial plantar nerveAction at the metatarsal-phalangeal (MTP) joints, digits 2-5:-plantar flexionQUADRATUS PLANTAEAttachments:Proximal: calcaneus Distal: common tendon of flexor digitorum longus Innervation: lateral plantar nerveAction at the metatarsal-phalangeal (MTP) joints:-modifies pull of flexor digitorum longus (assists MTP flexion)Action at the interphalangeal (PIP, DIP) joints:-modifies pull of flexor digitorum longus (assists IP flexion)ABDUCTOR HALLUCISAttachments:Proximal: calcaneus and plantar fasciaDistal: base of the proximal phalanx of digit IInnervation: medial plantar nerveAction at the metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joint, digit I:- aBduction- flexionFLEXOR HALLUCIS BREVISAttachments:Proximal: cuboid and lateral cuneiform bonesDistal: base of proximal phalanx of digit IInnervation: medial plantar nerveAction at the metatarsophalangeal joint (digit I):-plantar