Bio 3324 1nd EditionExam # 2 Study Guide Chapters: Unit twoUnit 2 (September 19- October-3)SynapsesThe central Nervous SystemSensory PhysiologyAutonomic and Somatic Nervous Unit two possible exam questions:1) Balance is maintained by:a) brainstemb) cerebellumc) cerebral cortexd) hypothalamuse) spinal cord2) Language ability is usually associated with:a) hypothalamusb) left cerebral hemispherec) limbic systemd) prefrontal association cortexe) right cerebral hemisphere3) The functional unit of skeletal muscle is the:a) smallest contractile component of a muscle fiberb) area between two Z linesc) sarcomered) all of these answerse) none of these answers4) When a muscle fiber contracts, the I bands and H zones diminish in length, whereas the A bands move closer together but do not diminish in length.a) Trueb) False5) Because there are no sarcomeres, smooth muscles do not possess thick and thin filaments.a) Trueb) False6) The outer most meninge is the:a) arachnoid materb) dura materc) dural sinusd) pia matere) venous sinus7) The inner most meninge is the:a) arachnoid materb) dura materc) dural sinusd) pia matere) venous sinus8) The thalamus:a) performs preliminary processing of all sensory input on its way to the cortex.b) inhibits muscle tone throughout the body.c) controls thirst, urine output, and food intake.d) plays a role in emotional and behavioral patternse) selects and maintains purposeful motor activity while suppressing useless or unwanted patterns of movement9) Gray matter refers to regions of the central nervous system composed of bundles of myelinated nerve fibers, whereas white matter consists primarily of densely packed cell bodies.a) Trueb) False10) Interneurons lie entirely within the central nervous systema) Trueb) False11) Broca’s area governs the ability to articulate speech.a) Trueb) False12) Wernicke’s area governs the ability to articulate speech.a) Trueb) False13) Nociceptors are sensitive to:a) lightb) odorantsc) solute concentrationsd) tissue damagee) temperature changes14) Photoreceptors are sensitive to:a) lightb) odorantsc) solute concentrationsd) tissue damagee) temperature changes15) Osmoreceptors are sensitive to:a) lightb) odorantsc) solute concentrationsd) tissue damagee) temperature changes16) What is/are the role(s) of glutamate in the pain pathway?a) binds to AMPA receptors in the dorsal horn.b) results in hypersensitivity of damaged tissue.c) causes P-substance release.d) both (a) and (b) are correct.e) both (a) and (c) are correct.17) Which part of the eye contains the photoreceptors?a) corneab) irisc) lensd) retinae) sclera 18) Cones:a) are most abundant in the periphery of the retinab) are more numerous than rodsc) have high sensitivity to lightd) are responsible for color visione) more than one of these19) Rods:a) are more sensitive to light than conesb) have low acuityc) provide visions in shades of grayd) are more numerous than conese) more than one of these20) Long-term memory involves transient changes between pre-existing synapses.a) Trueb) False21) Short-term memory involves transient changes between pre-existing synapses.a) Trueb) False22) When an individual sees a color, like green, each cone type is stimulated to a varying degree.a) Trueb) False23) The function of the Eustachian tube is to provide a means for pressure equalization in the middle ear with respect to the outside atmospheric pressure.a) Trueb) False24) The tympanic membrane:a) vibrates when struck by sound waves.b) contains the organ of Corti.c) produces ear wax.d) is connected to the stapes.e) none of these answers.25) The hair cells for hearing are located in the:a) cochleab) eustachion tubec) sacculed) utriclee) vestibule26) The timbre of a sound:a) determined by the frequency of vibration of air molecules.b) dependent on the amplitude of the sound waves.c) describes the quality of the sound.d) two of these are correct.e) all of these are correct.27) The utricle is:a) an otolith organb) activated when a person bends the head to look down at the groundc) activated when a person starts to walkd) both (a) and (b) are correcte) all of these are correct28) What system would have dominance during a relaxing dinner?a) sympatheticb) parasympatheticc) enteric nervous systemd) somatic nervous systeme) none of these29) All of the following release acetylcholine except:a) sympathetic preganglionic fibersb) parasympathetic preganglionic fibersc) sympathetic postganglionic fibersd) parasympathetic post ganglionic fiberse) motor neurons30) The sympathetic nervous system:a) has short preganglionic fibers that end in ganglia, that are located close to the CNSb) dominates in stressful situationsc) have fibers that originate from the lumbar and thoracic portions of the CNSd) both (a) and (b) are correcte) All of these are correct1. B 16. D2. B 17. D3. D 18. D4. A 19. E5. B 20. B6. B 21. A7. D 22. A8. A 23. A9. B 24. A10. A 25. A11. A 26. C12. B 27. E13. D 28. B14. A 29. C15.