Kin 325 Lecture 2 Outline of Last Lecture I Identify all bones of the lower extremity and determine whether they are right or left side bones II Identify all bony prominences and structures listed III Palpate all bony prominences as indicated I Identify all joints of the lower extremity and name each bone and bony prominence that forms each joint Outline of Current Lecture I Identify bones of the pelvis leg and thigh and name the joints they form II Describes the movements possible at the hip and knee joints in reference to the anatomical planes and axes III Names the major ligaments of the hip and knee and indicate their role in providing stability to the region IV Names the major muscle groups of the posterior abdominal wall thigh gluteal region and knee and identify individual muscles within each group that produce hip and knee movement Current Lecture Hip and Knee HIP Hip Joint Movements Flexion anterior movement of femur in the sagittal plane Extension posterior movement of femur in the sagittal plane Abduction lateral movement of femur in the frontal plane Adduction medial movement of femur in the frontal plane Internal rotation rotation of femur so anterior surface faces medially in the transverse plane These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor s lecture GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes not as a substitute External rotation rotation of femur so anterior surface faces laterally in the transverse plane All these movements are open chain motions in which the pelvis is fixed while the femur moves Closed chain movements at the hip occur with a fixed femur while the pelvis moves Functionally the most important closed chain movement at the hip is elevation of the opposite side of the pelvis This allows the pelvis to stay level when one limb is off the ground Ligaments all limit extension Iliofemoral ligament Y ligament Ischiofemoral ligament Pubofemoral ligament Muscles Muscles that act at the hip joint are located in the pelvis on the posterior abdominal wall in the thigh and in the gluteal region Posterior abdominal wall muscles must be seen inside the pelvis beneath the abdominal contents Thigh muscles can be organized into 3 groups most not all muscles in each group are innervated by a single nerve Anterior thigh Femoral Nerve Medial thigh Obturator Nerve Posterior thigh Tibial Nerve Posterior Abdominal Wall ILIACUS Origin Iliac fossa iliac crest Insertion lesser trochanter of the femur Innervation Femoral Nerve Action Hip flexion PSOAS MAJOR Origin transverse processes and sides of the bodies of the lumbar vertebrae and lumbar intervertebral discs Insertion Lesser trochanter of the femur Innervation Nerve to Psoas major Action Hip Flexion Iliacus and psoas major share a common insertion and are often referred to as if they were an individual muscle the iliopsoas Psoas Minor absent in 50 of the general population Origin T12 and L1 sides of body of vertebrae Insertion Iliopubic eminence Innervation L1 nerve root Action upward rotation tilt elevation of pelvis Anterior Thigh TENSOR FASCIA LATA E TFL Origin Anterior Superior Iliac Spine ASIS and iliac crest Insertion Iliotibial tract band IT Band Innervation Superior gluteal Nerve Action Hip flexion Hip ABDuction Hip internal rotation SARTORIUS Origin ASIS Insertion Proximal anterior and medial aspect of tibia Pes Anserine insertion Innervation Femoral Nerve Action Hip flexion hip ABDuction hip external rotation Knee flexion knee internal rotation QUADRICEPS FEMORIS Origin Rectus Femoris Anterior inferior iliac spine AIIS and acetabulum Vastus Lateralis Lateral lip of linea aspera lateral intertrochanteric line Vastus Medialis Medial lip of linea aspera medial intertrochanteric line Vastus intermedius Anterior proximal shaft of femur Insertion Tibial tuberosity via patellar tendon Innervation Femoral Nerve Action Hip flexion Rectus femoris only Knee extension Medial Thigh GRACILIS Origin Inferior pubic ramus ramus of ischium Insertion Pes Anserine insertion Innervation Obturator Nerve Action Hip ADDuction Knee flexion Knee internal rotation PECTINEUS Origin Superior pubic ramus pectineal line Insertion Pectineal line of femur Innervation Femoral nerve Action Hip flexion hip ADDuction ADDUCTOR LONGUS Origin Pubic tubercle Insertion Middle 1 3 of linea aspera Innervation Obturator Nerve Action Hip flexion hip ADDuction hip Internal Rotation IR ADDUCTOR BREVIS Origin Inferior pubic ramus Insertion proximal 1 3 of linea aspera Innervation Obturator Nerve Action Hip flexion Hip ADDuction hip IR ADDUCTOR MAGNUS Origin Inferior pubic ramus ischial ramus ischial tuberosity Insertion Linea aspera adductor tubercle Innervation Obturator nerve anterior portion tibial nerve posterior portion Action Hip extension posterior fibers Hip ADDuction hip External Rotation hip IR Gluteal Region Posterior Hip GLUTEUS MAXIMUS Origin Posterolateral sacrum coccyx posterolateral surface of ilium thoracolumbar aponeurosis sacrotuberous ligament Insertion Gluteal tuberosity of femur IT band Innervation Inferior gluteal nerve Action Hip extension Hip external rotation hip ABD upper fibers Hip ADD lower fibers GLUTEUS MEDIUS Origin Lateral surface of ilium Insertion Lateral surface of greater trochanter Innervation Superior gluteal nerve Action Hip ABDuction Hip flexion and internal rotation anterior portion Hip extension and external rotation posterior fibers GLUTEUS MINIMUS Origin lateral surface of ilium deep to gluteus medius Insertion Anterior border of greater trochanter Innervation Superior gluteal nerve Action Hip ABDuction hip internal rotation and flexion with anterior fibers PIRIFORMIS Origin anterior surface of sacrum Insertion superior greater trochanter Innervation Nerve to piriformis Action Hip external rotation and hip ABDuction Posterior thigh muscles hamstrings BICEPS FEMORIS Origin Long Head Ischial Tuberosity Short Head Lateral linea aspera Insertion Head of the fibula Innervation Tibial Nerve Long Head Common Fibular Nerve Short Head Action hip extension and hip ADDuction long head knee flexion and knee external rotation SEMITENDINOSUS Origin Ischial tuberosity Insertion Pes anserine insertion Innervation Tibial Nerve Action Hip extension hip ADDuction knee flexion knee internal rotation SEMIMEMBRANOSUS Origin Ischial tuberosity Insertion Medial condyle of tibia Innervation tibial nerve Action Hip extension hip ADDuction Knee flexion knee internal rotation Blood Vessels Common iliac