SLHS 1125 1st Edition Lecture 5 Outline of Last Lecture I. Speech Language Pathology and Audiology Criteria/CertificationII. Work SettingsIII. Allied ProfessionsIV. Future Job OutlookOutline of Current Lecture I. RecapII. Neuroanatomy III. Anatomy and Physiology TerminologyIV. Anatomy of Speech MechanismV. NeuronsCurrent LectureI. Recap1. What’s a CD?A significant difficulty in comprehension, transmitting, fluency, receiving. 2. Why take into account an individual’s language, dialect or culture?The concept of disorder vs difference. 3. What’s one reason why the prevalence (all cases in existence) of CDs is increasing?Population growth. People are living longer strokes, hearing loss More people are reporting CDs. II. Neuroanatomy and Human CommunicationAnatomy: Body structuresPhysiology: Functions of body structuresNeuroscience: Anatomy and Physiology of the nervous system. Includes things beside the brain This knowledge helps professionals and resarchers to…o Understand and identify the neurological causes of communication disorderso Recognize signs and symptoms associated with specific neurological pathologieso Find solutions to neurological problemsSolutions to neurological problems can be seeded in the brain III. A and P TerminologyThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.Anterior: frontPosterior: back (in terms of direction, towards the back)Ventral: bellyDorsal: backSuperior: upInferior: downExternal: outsideInternal: insideProximal: closer to the main bodyDistal: farther away Medial: towards the centerLateral: towards the sideAfferent: towards the brainEfferent: away from the brain IV. Anatomy of Speech MechanismCentral and Peripheral Nervous System (CNS and PNS)o Brain (lobes, cerebellum, BS) spinal cord, cranial nerves, spinal nervesRespiratory system o Everything that helps you breathePhonatory systemo Everything that helps you talkResonatory Systemo The open space between skull and throat Articulatory Systemo The articulators Central Nervous Systemo Braino Spinal cordPeripheral Nervous systemo Cranial nerveso Spinal nerves V. NeuronDendrites: receive signals (electrical chemical impulses) from the neuron next door. Soma: the cell body (all the things that keep the cell alive). Trigger reaction of the neuron. Axon: the electrical chemical impulse flows down the axonMyelin Sheath: fat cells that wrap around the axon and serve to protect and makes the electric chemical impulses to travel