Lesson 10: Chapter 11, The Cardiovasculatory SystemBIO 160: Introduction to Human Anatomy and Physiology Biology 160Pima Community College, Downtown CampusLAB SIGN OFF PAGE – Lesson 10: CHAPTER 11Name ___________________________Please staple all of your lab pages for this Chapter together with this page as the top. You will use this page to get your Labs for the Chapter signed off by the Biology Learning Center staff. You need to have all of the following steps initialed by a staff member before you can be allowed to take the Chapter Test.After you have obtained all of your sign offs for this Chapter, be sure that a BLC staff member indicates on your Lab Card that you are OK to take the Chapter Test. Also, keep this sign off page, along with your completed lab worksheets, as proof of your lab completion. If your Lab Card indicates that you have not completed the required Labs for this Chapter, and you feel that you have, it is up to you to provide proof that you have indeed done the Labs. Keep this page!___________ Trace flow of blood through heart model___________ Blood vessels model___________ ECG ___________ Blood pressure Systolic pressure: _____________mm HgDiastolic pressure: _____________mm HgLast updated: 11/04/141BIO 160: Introduction to Human Anatomy and Physiology Lesson 10: Chapter 11, The Cardiovasculatory SystemThe heart is responsible for pumping blood to the entire body.The blood vessels are the conduits within which blood circulates to all body tissues and back to the heart. The function of the cardiovascular system is to deliver ____________________ and ___________________ to the tissues of the body and to remove CO2 and other wastes. The HeartThe heart is located in the __________________________ cavity between the lungs.The heart is about the size of a _____________________________ . The apex points toward the left _______________________________The major blood vessels enter and exit at the superior base of the heart. The heart is covered by a double sac of serous membrane called the ___________________________The visceral pericardium or epicardium directly lines the heart. The outside layer is the _________________ pericardium and superficial to it is the fibrous pericardium. A serous fluid fills the space between the visceral and parietal pericardia. The purpose of the serous fluid is to reduce ____________________________The 3 layers of the heart wall are the epicardium, myocardium, and the endocardium. Which layer is the most superficial? ________________________________What is the middle heart muscle layer called? _________________________________Which smooth layer lines the chambers of the heart? ______________________________________-The heart has 4 hollow chambers. The two superior chambers are the receiving chambers and are called ___________________The two inferior chambers are the discharging chambers and are called ___________________The heart functions as a double pump which pumps blood in two circuits. The pulmonary circuit is the blood pathway to the _______________________ and back. Deoxygenated blood is pumped to the lungs by the right ventricle through the pulmonary trunk. Oxygenated blood returns to the left atrium of the heart by way of pulmonary veins. The systemic circuit is the blood pathway to the rest of the body and back. Oxygenated blood is pumped to the body by the ____________________________. Deoxygenated blood returns to the right atrium of the heart by way of the vena cavas. There are 4 heart valves which keep blood flowing in one direction through the chambers. Last updated: 11/04/142BIO 160: Introduction to Human Anatomy and Physiology The atrioventricular valves (AV valves) are located between the atria and ventricles. The AV valves prevent backflow into the atria when the ________________________ contract. The right AV valve is also called the __________________________ valve and is located between the right atrium and right ventricle. The left AV valve is also called the ___________________________ valve and is located between the left atrium and left ventricle. The semilunar valves are located between the ventricles and the major arteries leaving the heart. The pulmonary semilunar valve is located at the junction of the pulmonary trunk and the right ventricle. The pulmonary semilunar valve prevents back flow of blood from the pulmonary trunk into the right ventricle. The aortic semilunar valve is located at the junction of the aorta and left ventricleThe aortic semilunar valve prevents back flow of blood from the aorta into the left ventricle. The AV valves are open during heart ___________________ and closed during ventricular contraction. The semilunar valves are ______________ during ventricular contraction and closed during relaxation . The pathway of blood flow through the heart (you will be quizzed orally on this)1. Deoxygenated blood from the body and heart muscle is returned to the right atrium of the heart. 2. Blood flows from the right atrium through the ________________________ valve into the right ventricle.3. The right ventricle pumps blood through the pulmonary semilunar valve into the pulmonary trunk.4. The pulmonary trunk branches into the pulmonary arteries which carry blood to the lungs.5. Blood is oxygenated in the lungs and returns to the heart by the ________________________ veins.6. The pulmonary veins empty into the left atrium.7. Blood flows from the left atrium to the left ventricle through the bicuspid valve.8. The left ventricle pumps blood through the _________________________ valve into the aorta.9. The aorta branches into the arteries that carry blood throughout the body.The blood flow that supplies the heart tissue itself is provided by the right and left ______________________ arteries. The coronary arteries are the first branches off of the _________________________________Lack of exercise and poor food choices results in a lot of clogged coronary arteries in this country. What is a myocardial infarction? _________________________________________________Deoxygenated blood returns to the heart by cardiac veins to the coronary sinus which empties into the right atrium. Last updated: 11/04/143BIO 160: Introduction to Human Anatomy and Physiology There is an intrinsic conduction system of nerve impulses across the heart. The heart contracts in response to these nerve impulses. Cardiac muscle also demonstrates the property of autorhythmicity in that the