DM120 Lecture 6 Outline of Last Lecture I Manufactured Fibers Outline of Current Lecture II Yarns A Spun and Filament yarns III Carded and Combed Cotton Yarns IV Two and Line Linen Yarns V Wool and Worsted Yarns Current Lecture Spun Yarns Composed of relatively short lengths of fibers twisted or spun so they hold together Filament Yarns Composed of continuous strands of fibers that may be miles long Staple Fibers Made into yarn by mechanical processes that first make the fibers more or less parallel and then alternately pull and twist them twist is critical In filament yarns the twist is typically not very high Special effects require high twist for filament yarns Cotton silk wool rayon nylon polyester acetate acrylic spandex Spun Cotton wool polyester nylon rayon acetate In spun yarns yarn uniformity is less yarn smoothness luster and strength is also less Favorable properties include warmth softness lightness End uses include T shirts sweaters blankets Filament Silk polyester nylon rayon acetate spandex Yarn uniformity smoothness luster and strength are more than spun yarns Favorable properties include smoothness and luster Filament fibers are used for linings and outer shells of active wear Multifilament yarns are flexible and monofilament are stiff Filament fibers also have a softer hand better drapability better wicking effect more vivid color contrast These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor s lecture GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes not as a substitute Carded and Combed Cotton Yarns Methods to make cotton spun yarns include carded staple cotton fibers are carded to be cleaned and disentangled silver a thick rope of loose fiber Combed yarns are carded cotton silver then they are further cleaned in the combing unit the short fibers are removed They look better feel smoother are stronger and are typically more expensive They also develop a rugged look as in denim Other products include terrycloth and cotton flannels Tow and Line Linen Yarns Tow fibers are short irregular coarse fibers Line fibers are long averaging 15 inches and they are also smooth and fine Woolen and Worsted Yarns Woolen yarns are made of carded yarns they are fuzzier and more uneven in diameter They are more important in heavy winter coats ski sweaters and blankets due to their better insulation Worsted yarns have a better shape stability and they are usually firmer and denser Fabric surface looking worsted yarns show clear and sharp yarn and weave structure woolen yarns show a napped surface or look like the structure of felt