Introduction to Computer Engineering CS ECE 252 Spring 2010 Prof Guri Sohi Computer Sciences Department University of Wisconsin Madison Place On Desk IPod Laptop Treo Etc All Computers Software Hardware separation key Computers Engineers and scientists of all disciplines rely on computers for many aspects of their work Not just word processing spreadsheets CAD etc Computational methods data mining analysis synthesis are fundamental to advances in many fields Many of the advanced techniques used in today s microprocessors were invented right here at UW Some of the most renowned computer design researchers in the world are on our faculty There is a near 100 likelihood that a Wisconsin graduate helped design the computer or processor that you own Place on Desk 7MB Disk Pack 6 Disk IPod 80GB 80GB 7MB 11 000x Computer useful then 10 000x better 16 base 60 growth Year Salary Comments 0 16 Base 3 64 Still live at home 15 16K Buy car 24 100K Buy house 36 300M Need fundamentally new ways to spend money Performance Growth Unmatched by any other industry John Crawford Intel Doubling every 18 months 1982 1996 800x Cars travel at 44 000 mph and get 16 000 mpg Air travel LA to NY in 22 seconds MACH 800 Wheat yield 80 000 bushels per acre Doubling every 24 months 1971 1996 9 000x Cars travel at 600 000 mph get 150 000 mpg Air travel LA to NY in 2 seconds MACH 9 000 Wheat yield 900 000 bushels per acre This Course This course will Help you understand the significance and pervasiveness of computers in today s society and economy Teach you how computers really operate and how they are designed Introduce you to concepts that students in the Computer Engineering degree program learn in depth over four years Prepare and motivate you for study in this degree program Will count towards GCR introduction to engineering requirement Go Over Web Page http www cs wisc edu sohi cs252 Fall2010 Instructor TAs Textbook Lecture Notes Schedule Computing and Simulator Grading Exams Homework Course Outline Prerequisite none Major topics in course Introduction to computers and computing Information representation and manipulation Logic elements and combinational Logic Sequential Logic and Memory Simple computer organization design and operation Machine language and instruction set architecture Assembly language Programming constructs Advice Textbook read BEFORE corresponding lecture Homework completed in study groups Will reinforce in class coverage Will help you prepare for midterm exams Study Groups Groups of 3 should meet weekly learn from each other Review material complete homework assignments Each submitted homework should include consensusbased statement of work Technology Technology advances at astounding rate 19th century attempts to build mechanical computers Early 20th century mechanical counting systems cash registers etc Mid 20th century vacuum tubes as switches Since transistors integrated circuits 1965 Moore s law Gordon Moore Predicted doubling of capacity every 18 months Has held and will continue to hold Drives functionality performance cost Exponential improvement for 40 years Applications Corollary to Moore s Law Cost halves every two years In a decade you can buy a computer for less than its sales tax today Jim Gray Computers cost effective for National security weapons design Enterprise computing banking Departmental computing computer aided design Personal computer spreadsheets email web Pervasive computing prescription drug labels Countless industries revolutionized Some History Date Event Comments 1947 1st transistor Bell Labs 1958 1st IC Jack Kilby MSEE 50 TI Winner of 2000 Nobel prize 1971 1st microprocessor Intel calculator market 1974 Intel 4004 2300 transistors 1978 Intel 8086 29K transistors 1989 Intel 80486 1M transistors 1995 Intel Pentium Pro 5 5M transistors 2006 Intel Montecito 1 7B transistors Abstraction and Complexity Abstraction helps us manage complexity Complex interfaces Specify what to do Hide details of how Goal Use abstractions yet still understand details Scope of this course Application Program CS302 Operating System Compiler CS537 CS536 Machine Language ISA CS ECE354 Computer Architecture CS ECE552 Digital Design CS ECE352 Electronic circuits ECE340 Computer As a Tool Many computers today are embedded Fixed functionality Appliance like Not really programmable by end user Not the focus of this course Instead programmable computers Learn to think of computer as a tool Program Algorithm or set of steps that computer follows Human brains wired to work this way