THAR 281 1st Edition Lecture 12 Outline of Last Lecture I General Background of the 18th Century II Denis Diderot III Middle Class Tragedy IV Sentimental Comedy V Ballad Opera VI Strum and Drang VII The Emerging Director VIII Johann Wolfgang Van Goethe Outline of Current Lecture I General Background of the 19th Century II Romanticism III Melodrama IV The Well Made Play V Delsarte VI Touring VII Stars VIII Duke of Saxe Meningen IX Wilhelm Richard Wagner Current Lecture I General Background of the 19th Century a French Revolution 1785 and American Revolution 1775 1783 were influential to 19 th century b Nationalism is increasing c Industrial Revolution working towards becoming more mechanical d Intellectual community focusing in on man s rights and eventually also worker s rights e Marx Communist Manifesto f Darwin Origin of Species g Prominent Forms of Theater i Romanticism ii Melodrama iii The Well Made Play II Romanticism a Like Strum and Drang theater b Don t follow neoclassical rules c Favors mood and quality over plot and character d Individuality and freedom are to be most valued e It is a refutation of industrialization because people are alone instead of working as a group f Performance artists i Do what they want III Melodrama a Music drama b Music is very dramatic c Vamp woman who is rather heavy wears revealing clothes can t tell who s side she is on d Modern equivalent of melodrama is a soap opera IV The Well Made Play a Structured in an almost mechanical fashion b Like ancient Greek drama i Work to build into a climax climatic form c Have stereotypical characters V Delsarte a Series of gestures and vocalizations that each indicate a particular emotional state Touring a Becomes source of revenue i Improved transportation network ii Have large urban centers so a tour goes from city to city performing time efficient b Benefits 1 Allowed performers to have steady work with dates set in contract 2 Allowed larger audience to see a performance 3 Allowed reputation of star performers to grow Stars a National and international stars increase in popularity b Ira Alarrage could not work in U S but was famous elsewhere c Edwin Booth U S most famous actor in the 19th century known for his Hamlet d Sarah Benhart known for theatric personality on and off stage most famous actress the world has ever known e Eleonora Duse Italian tried to disappear into character much more realistic shy and reserved opposite of Sarah Benhart VI VII VIII Duke of Saxe Meningen a Was a pre director who insisted on historical accuracy in clothing b Crafted intricate and crowded scenes on stage c Formed an ensemble of actors who were familiar with his style of directing d Recognized for ability to organize entire production IX Wilhelm Richard Wagner a Composer and director of operas b Argued for a total theater c Controversial politics and theories at the time d Famous Works i The Flying Dutchman ii Tristan and Isolde iii The Ring Cycle 4 operas totaling of 15 hours
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