Realism--Specific theatrical form beginning in the late 19th century--Realism vs. art that is realistic--“Slice of life,” “fourth wall”--Authenticity in:--Script--Design--Performance--Emphasis on science:--Objective observation--Convergence of character, environment, situationNon-artistic Influences of Realism:--Charles Darwin (1809-1892)--Emphasis on heredity, environment--Karl Marx (1818-1883)--Theatrical focus on economic and other oppressions--Sigmund Freud (1856-1939)--Ideas of subconscious, repressionRealism in Russia--Anton Chekhov (1860-1904)--Playwright--“Tragicomedy”--Konstantin Stanislavski (1863---Actor and director--Founder of Moscow Art Theatre--Actor must truly understand the character’s emotion, mentality, etc.--The Seagull, about people with really weird, messed-up relationshipsRealism in Scandinavia--Henrik Ibsen (1828-1906)--Norwegian--Major Themes: social immorality, unhappy/dysfunctional families (especially parents)--August Strindberg--Swedish--Individual cruelty, “battle of the
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