Anthro2050 1st Edition Lecture 29 Outline of Last Lecture I Early Homo II Homo erectus Outline of Current Lecture I Neandertals Current Lecture Has had many names the first being Homo neandertalensis We have been studying Neandertals for over 150 years and the more we know the more our general image on them changes especially the popularized images that are more known to the general public than the realistic ideas of who Neandertals were There was a Neandertal skull found in 1848 that Darwin saw in 1864 The name comes from specimen found in Germany in the Neander Valley Tal being the German word for valley However this finding was largely rejected as most people did not like the idea of evolution and other human like species Lived in Europe 28 000 250 000 years ago Mostly Western Europe with some specimens found in Eastern Europe and West Russia Brain size the same as if not bigger than humans but brain to body ratio the same if not less than modern humans Also slight foreheads but still prominent brow ridges No chins and a pulled out centre of the face with a large nose Enamel on teeth greatly worn down and evidence that teeth were used as tools and to hold things with Muscle attachments show they were extremely muscular Bone studies show a very rough life likely living in close proximity to large animals Injuries similar to those seen today in rodeo riders suggesting they hunted animals by close up ambush Arthritis also very common on bones These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor s lecture GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes not as a substitute Bodies adaptive to a colder climate warm climates tall narrow long limbs cold climates short and stocky with shorter limbs
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