EXAM II Study Guide I Spanish American War Imperialism A American isolationism Pres Grover Cleveland advocated against involvement in international affairs that did not directly affect the US Monroe Doctrine 1823 Europeans could not interfere in the Americas and the US wouldn t interfere in their business in return Any attempt by Europe to colonize in Western Hemisphere would be considered aggression B Causes of war Revolts against Spaniards in Cub for quite some time Anti Spanish propaganda implemented by American journalists Pulitzer Hearst Yellow journalism to get the Americans to hate the Spanish government side with the rebels Sinking of USS Maine supposedly by Spanish Publicized letter from Spanish Ambassador De Lome to US about McKinley being inadequate and weak C Results US won Treaty of Paris 1898 territory of Guam Puerto Rico and the Philippines temporary control over Cuba and US gained D Open Door Policy Roosevelt Corollary Panama Canal Open Door Policy Foreign affairs concept that granted multiple international powers equal access to China sovereignty but actually just mediated colonial powers trying to take control of China Was supposedly created to safeguard Chinese Roosevelt Corollary 1904 supposed to be an addition to Monroe Doctrine took it a step further Stated that US has right to exercise military in Latin America to keep Europeans out Wanted to stabilize the economy for business purposes Panama Canal extension of imperialism international trade economy military with cultural and religious purposes as well o Extension of mainly trade economic competition o Was a substitute for sailing around South America shortcut that links East and West coast o TR built canal after telling Panamians that they would be able to have their own country if they allows US access gave them what they wanted o No longer relevant as of WWII since it is too small for aircraft carriers etc II World War I A American neutrality Wilson proclaimed neutrality in 1914 Germany then announced unrestricted warfare on any ships that entered war zone around Britain sunk US ships said then would end unrestricted warfare after Lusitania but never did After more ships were sank Wilson asked senate to declare war on Germany B Reasons for entry into war Sinking of Lusitania and other ships Continuous lies of Germans about passenger safety saying they would Zimmerman telegram stop sinking ships Saved Britain and the rest of the Entente from bankruptcy diplomatic proposal from Germany to Mexico to join Central Powers Intercepted by British intelligence and helped generate anti German feelings statement given in 1918 by Wilson about how the war was being fought for moral cause and postwar peace in Europe Wilson s Fourteen Points o Freedom of the seas equality of trade international diplomacy no economic barriers etc Industrialism mass production and new technology in warfare Planting explosives poisonous gas machine guns hand grenades Trench warfare Made defensive tactics nearly impossible and attack more intense and tunneling under enemy lines C Effects of new technologies unexpected D America s new international role a Became a world recognized super power Once US joined war saved European countries from bankruptcy and sped up the duration of the war E Versailles Treaty 1919 one of the peace treaties that ended WWI Took place at the Paris Peace Conference after 6 months of negotiations Stated that Germany had to take responsibility for the war Had to disarm and disperse its military Pay reparations to certain countries Entente Couldn t industrialize and any money the economy made had to be used for reparations Austria Hungary Germany territories were divided up were broken up 1 Wilson s influence influence of Progressivism Wilson refused to make any compromises on the Treaty of Versailles and therefore it was never passed in US US also never entered the League of Nations because of opposition in Congress Didn t bring any republicans with him to negotiate and they had control over Congress Progressivism was split during ratification of the Treaty most viewed it favorably though The movement split and moved into several different movements 2 League of Nations primary goal was to prevent future world wars and settling international disputes amicably US was not a member as Congress could not agree in order to ratify it 3 Fight over Senate ratification Wilson refused to include senators Republicans when going to the Paris Peace Conference Told them that they were selfish and refused to approve of the amendments and changes that they wanted III Post War U S the Roaring 20s A 1919 1 Return to normalcy Americans wished to return to normal lifestyle and just wanted to have fun idealized society Started after WWI and Bolshevik Revolution in Russia downfall of the 2 Red Scare Czar Lenin takeover Concern about Communists revolting and coming to US Palmer Raids Palmer Attorney General convinced Wilson to allow raids across the nation Over 4 000 people were arrested for suspicion of starting Communist revolutions People were deported to Russia without due process Increase in labor strikes which led to more suspicions First major strike was Seattle Shipyard 1919 when 60 000 works held a strike against their bosses were thought to trying to incite a revolution This strike and other strikes were called crimes against society and the government B Republican prosperity 1 Harding Coolidge Hoover Harding elected in 1920 2 Laissez faire 3 The Roaring Twenties C Material prosperity consumer goods D Technology social and cultural change E Traditionalism vs Modernism 1 Modernism a The New Woman 1 Flappers 2 Companionate marriage b Harlem Renaissance 1 The New Negro 2 Cross over 3 The Jazz Age a b c d e Rise of Christian Fundamentalism Scopes Monkey Trial the Butler Act 2nd KKK Prohibition Literature 2 Traditionalism IV The Great Crash and the New Deal A Causes 1 Over production 2 Under consumption 3 Poor income distribution B The Great Depression Bonus Army 1 Nature Severity 2 3 Hoover s failed solutions a Trickle Down Theory b RFC C The New Deal Relief Recovery Reform 1 FDR 2 The 100 days 3 Relief Pump priming a CCC b FERA c CWA d WPA e PWA etc a NIRA b AAA c Wagner Act 4 Recovery 5 Reform a SEC b Social Security 6 Assessing the New Deal a Critics b Results c Legacy V World War II A How did the US get involved in the war B How did the war affect the economy politics and reform protest movements C What was Lend Lease D How
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