Spring 1865 End of the American Civil War Portion of US Maryland South in state of utter destruction I II III IV V Destruction a Richmond Virginia b Antietam battlefield Modern equivalent would e 6 million dead i 620 000 750 00 dead in nation of 31 million 1 More dead than in any other war combined ii Hundreds of thousands more mimed and disfigured iii Whole generation of men returned from war without arms legs iv 1 3 of state budget of Mississippi is for artificial limbs Direct Costs of the war also staggering a Government expenditures loss of property etc b 5 billion dollars in 1860s dollars c Cost more to fuel the civil was than all money used for America beforehand end slavery d 4 times the combined federal budgets from 1789 1861 e Starts as war to stop spread of slavery to the west becomes war to What could they have done with 5 billion a 5 billion in 1865 b Purchased the freedom of every slave c Given each former slave 40 acres and a mule d And still would have had 2 billion for reparations for the crime of slavery April 1865 a Robert E Lee surrenders b What would happen to the former slaves i Freed by Emancipation proclamation and 13th amendment ii iii Do you say have at it OR do you pay for them to become better Illegal for them to learn to read write members of society c What would happen to the former rebels i Robert E Lee ii iii Hundreds of thousand Confederate foot soldiers Jefferson Davis d What was the status of the former states i Alabama ii Mississippi iii Georgia iv Lincoln had always said the secession was illegal so the states never actually left v Lincoln called confederate govenement so called e Surrender at Appomattox April 9 1865 i Surrender of one confederate army to one union army Two glamour armies ii No peace treatay iii Grant says men can put down their guns and go home iv So what happens VI Lincoln Reconstruction a What would he have done i Some positions known by Aril 1865 ii No political rights for Confederate leadership iii The Old South is going to be remade and we are going to introduce there new ideas and new attitudes iv No mass treason trails 1 Because it will extend bitterness v Disfranchise leaders 1 Can never hold office 2 Can not vote VII Thirteenth Amendment passed b c E P stood on shaky ground a Approved by Congress January 1865 needed to be ratified by of states 27 of 36 states b Section 1 i Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude except as a punishment for a crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted shall exist within the United States or any place subject to their jurisdiction c Section 2 VIII After Appomattox i Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation a Mardi Gras like celebration in DC b Lincoln goes into long speech on his plans for reconstruction i Says that he thinks the right to vote should be given to African American soldiers who fought in Union army c Lincoln s Reconstruction Agenda i Suffrage for black veterans very intelligent African Americans ii Dramatic pronouncement from a president d John Wilkes Booth is at celebration Is a confederate sympathizer i ii Part of an ongoing plot to kidnap Lincoln bring him to Richmond and use him as a negotiating piece IX Lincoln Assassinated April 14 1865 Good Friday a At a theater where Booth had performed before knew the staff b Booth sneaks up into Lincoln s box and shoots Lincoln stabs Major Rathbone jumps down and declares either Six Semper Tyrannus or the South is avenged I II III IV V VI c Guy who had been pro Reconstruction agenda is assassinated reconstruction is a mess Andrew Johnson Background a Lincoln s original VP is Hannibal Hamlin b Lincoln has to run for reelection in 1864 chances are he will lose c Lincoln replaces Hamlin with southern democrat Andrew Johnson the only southern senator who had not left d No one expected that Johnson would become president Childhood a Born 1808 in Raleigh North Carolina b Father dies when he is really young c Mother is laundress who can not provide for family d He is apprenticed out as a young age The Tailor s Apprentice a Father died when he was four b His mother legally bound him in return for cash from ages 10 to 21 c Run away and there is a piece in the Star of Raleigh offering a reward Johnson has a real talent for discussing common s man politics for his return d Goes to Tennessee and opens his own tailor shop e f Not dumb just rough around the edges Johnson s Political Success a Alderman b Mayor of Greenville c State Representative d State Senator Letters a Full of grammatical errors and spelling mistakes b Does not dress well c Terrible manners d Rough around the edges e Examples I have something the Conserns me f Andrew Johnson a Viewed himself as champion of the common man b Worshipped Andrew Jackson c Homestead Legislation Public Schools d Drunk at Inauguration e Stubborn to a fault f Extraordinarily insecure to a fault Snubbed my upper class learns to hate them which is why he stays and does not leave during Civil War i Comes to confuse stubbornness with strength 1 Sticking with a decision no matter what even if it turns out to be a bad one VII April 1865 President a At helm for 8 of the most important months of American military history b April 18 1865 i Congress wants a voice in reconstruction 1 Did not meet for long into the 19th century 2 Beginning of December March 3 Congress has just left town in April ii Andrew Johnson alone is in charge iii Has power to call congress back in to session but chooses not to VIII Johnson Vows Harsh Punishments a IX X XI XII XIII XIV Treason must be made odious and the traitors must be punished an impoverished their great plantation must be seized and divided into small forms and sold to honest industrious men June 9 1864 Johnson had owned 5 slaves a I wish to g d that every American could have at least one slave to relieve them of the drudgery of household work Johnson wasn t going to give fair shake b Frederick Douglass a About interaction with Johnson I was standing in the crowd by the side of Mrs Thomas J Dorsey he is no friend of our race Johnson responds a I know that damned Douglass he s just like any other n he would sooner cut a white man s throat than not Douglass responds a Andrew Johnson is the wrong man in the wrong place at the wrong time Johnson s Reconstruction Plan May 1865 a Southern states must ratify the 13th Amendment that outlawed slavery b States must repudiate the southern war debt c Sweeping Amnesty for most …
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