EXAM 1 1 When clinicians assess depression they look for abnormalities in at least five areas mood cognitions interests daily habits and motor activity If we measured depression simply by focusing on abnormalities in mood our measure runs the risk of having poor Content validity 2 All of the following are methods of non probability sampling except which one Seeking out experts on the subject and using only them in your sample 3 Which of the following would be considered a Con of self report measures as opposed to a pro People may be prone to misrepresenting themselves of their responses intentionally or unintentionally 4 If we are counting the number of times someone looks in a mirror in an experiment we are conducting Observational research 5 Which of the following represents the weakest linear correlation r 09 9 18 6 In which of the following research scenarios would we need to establish high inter rater reliability in order to make accurate claims based on our data If we are doing observational research and are counting and coding the frequency and intensity of negative facial expressions in a 5 min conversation 7 If we are comparing people s IQ scores and IQ as a u 100 and a o 15 then what would someone s percentile rank be if they have an IQ of 80 8 Which of the following items would be the best worded self report item measured on a 1 7 scale To what extent do you consider yourself a happy person 9 Correlational research is useful when A B only Experimental research would be impossible or unethical The goal is to support simple claims of association between two variables 10 True of False If someone s intelligence z score is z 1 they would have the percentile rank of 34 13 False 11 If a measure has strong then participants scares at Time 1 should be correlated with the scored at Time 2 provided that the construct itself doesn t change over time Test retest Reliability r 80 12 When each value in a distribution occurs at roughly the same frequency i e If there are roughly50 1st graders 50 2nd graders 50 3rd graders 50 4th graders etc in a school what will the shape of that distribution be Rectangular 13 Let s say we want to make a prediction about someone s satisfaction in marriage Y on a 1 100 scale with 100 being extremely satisfied and we base our prediction on their Empathy levels X1 and the intensity of their arguments X2 If the standardized Beta for empathy is B 30 and the standardized Beta for argument intensity if B 45 what if the appropriate interpretation of this data The more intensely a couple argues the less satisfaction they are in their marriages even after controlling for empathy levels 14 True of False If two variables are correlated it proved that there is absolutely no casual relationship between them 15 Assume we are looking to create in intervention program in an elementary school that works with students who score in the bottom 10 on a standardized reading comprehension test If the mean of the test if u 50 and the standard deviation is o 6 50 what raw score on the test would cut off the bottom 10 16 If we used multiple regression to predict a nation s Child Mortality measure of number of infant deaths per 1000 births based on 1 Contraception use 2 literacy rates and 3 income which statistic tells us how strong of a model we have In other words which statistic tells us how well our 3 predictors together our model explain the variability in nations child mortality rates 17 True of False A scientific worldview operates under the assumption that any phenomenon no matter how complex is ultimately describable explainable predictable and controllable 18 If we want to establish population norms for an IQ test that have high external validity i e high generalizability we would have to use which of the following sampling methods False X 41 62 r 2 True Probability sampling 19 In which distribution will the mean dragged down lower than the typical score in the data set due to low scoring outliers 20 If I wanted to be a wealthy man it would be better to be an outlier in which of the distributions Distribution A Distribution C effect Distribution C 21 Which of the distributions above is likely to have been caused by a floor 22 A stratified random sample ensures that The demographic characteristics of our sample are proportional to the demographic characteristics of the population if there are 40 men and 60 women in the population our sample should also be 40 men and 60 women 23 All of the following are true about developing and building scientific theories EXCEPT Only scores from standardized tests should be used to support a theoretical claim or proposition 24 When people seek out pay attention to remember and interpret information in ways that reinforce their original beliefs they are guilty of succumbing to Confirmation bias 25 For IQ data with a m 100 and a o 15 what percentage of the population is more than two standard deviations above average 2 28 26 Which of the following is NOT one of the guidelines for writing good self report items Be sure that all questions are phrased in a similar direction i e if I agree I m always circling 7s 27 True or False Correlational research does not play a rold in the Theory Data cycle because correlational evidence cannot be used to support or falsify theories False 28 For a positively skewed distribution the best measure of central tendency to use would be The median 29 To study behavior or populations that are sensitive or stigmatized e g individuals with eating disorders the most appropriate sampling technique would be Chain Referral sampling 30 Which of the following is a limitation or disadvantage of closed ended questions May be forcing a response that does not reflect the participants true response 31 Which variable seems to have the strongest relationship with IQ in this model Brain Size 32 Which of the following best characterizes the interpretation of the Standardized Beta b 627 standardized beta for brain size There is a moderately strong positive relationship between brain size and IQ even after we control for height weight and income 33 Any time we are creating a situation in which a hypothesis can either be supported or falsified with objective evidence we are conducting an Empirical test 34 If I m worried that participants are answering my survey questions in a way that makes them look good rather than in a way that is honest and accurate I would be worried about my survey having a Social desirability bias 35 If
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