Functions of Blood • Distribution o T_____________ of: § __________ § __________ § __________ • R____________ o B________ T_________ o F_______ V____________ • P________________ o Prevent: § B___________ L__________ § _______________ Components of Whole Blood What tissue does blood arise from? ____________ ______________ (__________________) Blood is fluid that contains c______, p____________, e____________, and more. - Provides ____ structural support or binding of tissues o Blood pH: ____________ o Blood temperature (C): _________ o Blood is ~_____% of body weight o Average volume: _________ L for males, and ________ L for females § Why is average for males greater than that for females? _______________________________ Proportion of whole composed of red blood cells is called _______________ - Hct for females = _________% - Hct for males = _________% Formed Elements (part of plasma) = e__________________, L_______________, and p______________ A true cell is referred to as a L________________ (WBC) because they have a nucleus These cells have a __________ (long/short) life span Do these cells divide? _____________ Do RBCs have a nucleus? _____________ and essentially _____ organelles. n_____________ = most abundance WBC platelets are __________ of cells.RBCs are also known as E______________ Erythrocytes are b___________ discs RBCs are filled with h_____________ (Hb) o What percent is Hb? _________% What is the name of the plasma membrane protein that gives erythrocytes their flexibility, allowing them to change shape as necessary? S_______________ Plasma • ______% of blood in males and _______% in females is plasma • ______% H2O • Solutes: o Proteins: § A____________ (charged, helps keep water in cardiovascular system and makes milk white) § G____________ (charged, may play some role in water reg., not 100% sure what they do tho) § F____________ (protein, soluble, circulates in blood stream, comes from liver, precursor to fibrin) o N___________ o E___________ o G___________ o H____________ Bonus: Describe the structure of hemoglobin: ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1 RBC = ~ ________ million Hb molecules 1 Hb carries ____ O2 molecules = ~ ___ billion O2 molecules / RBCFunctions of Blood • Distribution o Transport of: § O2 § Waste § hormones • Regulation o Body Temp o Fluid Volume • Protection o Prevent: § Blood Loss § infection Components of Whole Blood What tissue does blood arise from? Connective tissue (mesenchyme) Blood is fluid that contains cells, protein, electrolytes, and more. - Provides no structural support or binding of tissues o Blood pH: 7.35-7.45 o Blood temperature (C): 38 deg C o Blood is ~8% of body weight o Average volume: 5-6 L for males, and 4-5 L for females § Why is average for males greater than that for females? Males are usually larger (taller more importantly) Proportion of whole composed of red blood cells is called hematocrit - Hct for females = 45 % - Hct for males = 42 % Formed Elements (part of plasma) = erythrocytes, Leukocytes, and platelets A true cell is referred to as a Leukocytes(WBC) because they have a nucleus These cells have a short (long/short) life span Do these cells divide? No. . Do RBCs have a nucleus? No. and essentially no organelles. neutrophils = most abundance WBC platelets are fragments of cells. RBCs are also known as ErythrocytesErythrocytes are biconcave discs RBCs are filled with hemoglobin (Hb) o What percent is Hb? 97% What is the name of the plasma membrane protein that gives erythrocytes their flexibility, allowing them to change shape as necessary? Spectrin Plasma • 55% of blood in males and 58% in females is plasma • 98% H2O • Solutes: o Proteins: § Albumin (charged, helps keep water in cardiovascular system and makes milk white) § Globulins (charged, may play some role in water reg., not 100% sure what they do tho) § Fibrinogen (protein, soluble, circulates in blood stream, comes from liver, precursor to fibrin) o Nutrients o Electrolytes o Gases o Hormones Bonus: Describe the structure of hemoglobin: Hemaglobin = protein made up of four different globin proteins. These proteins include a heme group (nitrogen and iron containing structure at the center of each globin protein). 4 globins each with heme group, heme group is where oxygen binds (1 hemoglobin molecule can carry 4 oxygen molecules). If oxygen binds = oxyhemoglobin, if CO2 binds = carbaminohemoglobin. Almost all oxygen binds to hemoglobin but only some CO2 does. Measured as grams per 100 mL whole blood ______________________________________________________________________________ 1 RBC = ~ 250 million Hb molecules 1 Hb carries 4 O2 molecules = ~ 1 billion O2 molecules /