UNIT 1 NOTES 01 25 2021 WHY STUDY IPC Communication vs CommunicationS Communication CommunicationS etc Communication Norms strategic message creation to exchange meanings among humans methods and channels selected for transmitting messages radio TV What do you call different people in places of authority in class o Dr or Professor teacher o First name TA s undergrad students Default to calling everyone professor they will tell you this is the communication norm Why study Interpersonal Communication It is a skill you do every day 1 2 To improve your relationships friends family members coworkers romantic partners 3 To be more successful in your career 4 To have better health mentally physically emotionally 01 27 2021 DEFINITIONS OF IPC Scholars have argued over how to define interpersonal communication IPC 2 Definitions of Interpersonal Communication 1 Situation definition Interpersonal communication is communication between two people 2 Communication Type definition Interpersonal communication is communication of a certain closeness o Communication closeness can be described as a continuum Impersonal Personal personal o Or as 3 levels least personal Cultural Sociological Psychological most Personal Psychological level is Interpersonal Communication What situation would be IPC under both definitions o Most scenarios fall under both 5 Principles of Interpersonal Communication 1 Purposeful reason and meaning behind saying something 2 Transactional works both ways 3 Relational build manage relationships through communication 4 Irreversible cannot be reversed can t take it back 5 Synchronous AND asynchronous it is simultaneously happening both sending and evaluating messages and not messaging and not getting a response right away 5 Misconceptions of Personal Communication 1 Everyone is an expert in communication 2 Communication solves all problems 3 Communication can break down 4 More communication is always better communication is inherently good 5 Successful communication always equals complete understanding 02 01 2021 COMMUNICATION COMPETENCE Communication Competence communicating in ways that are effective and appropriate for a given situation o 2 elements of communication competence how well communication achieves goals Effective Appropriate a social situation differs on culture ICC how well communication attends to rules and expectations of 4 Aspects of a Competent Communicator 1 Knowledge 2 Experience 3 Motivation 4 Attitude 3 Interpersonal Communication Needs 1 Inclusion 2 Affection 3 Control o We all need to be included to some extent o As appropriate to the relationship o A range of affection o We determine who we engage with o Setting boundaries o Matching Hypothesis we want a partner who matches our perceived 4 Interpersonal Relationship Wants 1 Attractiveness attractiveness 2 Similarity 3 More Rewards than Costs 4 Reciprocal Liking 02 02 2021 RELATIONSHIP STAGES 5 Stages of Coming Together Staircase Model 1 Initiating first interactions cultural or maybe sociological level 2 Experimenting flirting stage assessing liking 4 interpersonal relationship wants Affinity seeking strategies o Gift giving o Doing favor o Putting best foot forward 3 Intensifying Test the relationship more connected than other individuals from acquaintances to a thing o Indirect suggestions jokes o Endurance tests o Triangle tests partner reacts jealously see if they reach out first o Separation test other person does something they don t like for you bring in another person and flirt with them to see if your spend time away from them to see if you re really interested 4 form deep commitment Interdependence start to coexist We and us language Integrating Relational symbols You might skip steps and jump around 5 Stages of Coming Apart Staircase Model 5 Bonding pet kid together institutionalize your commitment marriage moving in together having a distinguishing between yourself as an individual and yourself in a 7 Circumscribing restricting communication with partner 6 Differentiating partnership o Not bad natural o Safe topic o Less intimate feelings o Less self disclosure Disagreements o Conflict isn t bad how you handle it determines 8 Stagnating expectation of unpleasant talk spend less time together o Maybe avoiding 9 Avoiding interaction becomes painful o Avoid each other in public and private Separate rooms Trial separation 10 Terminating ending the relationship 02 08 2021 SMALL TALK Four Guidelines of Small Talk 1 Use Approachability Cues do both people want to talk to someone o Open body language or closed 2 Use Conversation Starters o Something about the situation you or the other person 3 Ask questions most overlooked element o Stay surface level o Close ended single word answer and open ended no set answer more than 1 or 2 words 4 Follow norms for self presentation o Free Information the extra information that suggests further conversation topics o 1 Decorum norm appropriate at the social event o 2 Modesty norm being humble o 3 Self disclosure norm don t tell too much o 4 Consistency norm present the same image of yourself when talking and Implicit Personality Theory acting Primacy effect o First impression o Central trait Halo effect o Assume other traits based on central trait Recency effect o Most recent impression o Eventually overrides primacy effect 02 10 2020 LISTENING HURIER Model of Listening H earing U nderstanding can you comprehend vocab and language R emembering E valuating thinking critically about viewpoint using your own judgement R esponding verbal and nonverbal I nterpreting can I understand your emotional meaning checking your interpretation by summarizing the message in your o Paraphrasing own words o Use Content paraphrase main points underlying message Feelings paraphrase recap emotions When you want to demonstrate you are listening When misunderstanding the message will have serious consequences When the message is long and complex When the message seems to reflect emotional strain When speaking a non native language 3 Guidelines for Effective Listening 1 Be present both physically and mentally o Pseudolistening pretending to listen but not really nodding along etc 2 Efficiently use the difference between speech rate and thought rate o Glazing over splitting time between listening what someone else is saying and daydreaming 3 Consider what your partner is thinking and feeling Interpreting 4 Barriers to Effective Listening anything that distracts you from listening