CRIME DETECTION INVESTIGATION FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE The final is Thursday the 26th at 5 30 pm I have outlined each chapter below 13 19 and I have bolded and italicized anything that Desguin specifically mentioned in class that will probably be on the test Good luck have an amazing summer Chapter 13 Larceny Florida Statute for Larceny 812 014 Most common serious crime in US Annual loss of property and currency is over 5 billion dollars Officers can use NTA notice to appear in Larson cases if the perp is a resident of the Every 4 sec larceny is committed in US Larceny theft Larceny happens so often no other crime is equal in amount of monetary loss county the crime took place and it is their first offense Youthful offenders are highly involved in larceny Females have a higher involvement in larceny than any other crime Grand theft is a felony involving more than 500 Grand theft is a felony in FL Petty Theft is a misdemeanor Grand larceny 300 but no more than 500 Misdemeanor less than 300 Approximately 8 million larcenies happen in the US annually Whites are arrested more than blacks w larceny Automobile larceny is the single most costly crime in the US Now all cars are required to have VINs Vehicle Identification Numbers which can be found on the driver s side of the dashboard VINs provide the nation of origin and the manufacturer The VIN system didn t achieve full compliance in the US until 1968 Cars are most likely to be stolen at night near the owner s residence Other object of value may be taken such as pursed wallets and stereos Young victims experience the highest rate of vehicle theft elderly experience the lowest Motives for stealing vehicles includes joyriding additional criminal activity profit motives stripping chopping title switching and resale Low rate of clearance for vehicle thefts is due to many factors including the relative we ease in which a car can be stolen many cars left unlocked the motives of many car thieves juveniles who joyride and quickly abandon cars property being stolen many cars stolen for their parts that are not easily identified and the professionalism of car thieves The Watch Your Car program involves putting a decal on your car so that if it is seen on the road after 1 am it can be stopped Motorcycle theft has increased over the past decade very low recovery rate Car clouting theft from motor vehicles anything but car parts Two types of criminals commit car clouting Organized unorganized Organized criminals frequently operate in a group and may travel to different locations Unorganized criminals are opportunistic and act when an opportunity arises The average loss in vehicle theft is 6800 Shoplifting theft committed in retail store during hours of operation Employee pilferage when employees steal Most frequent and expensive of thefts External offenders are those that do not work at business and internal offenders are employees of business Professional shoplifters account for sizable amounts of theft An officer should detain the retail thief outside of the store That way the theft has definitely taken place Shoplifting incidents are frequently handled totally by private security personnel but police may assist in the investigation of high loss cases Confidence Swindles Bunco swindles using deceit and trickery to make victim give up something of value These criminals use greed superstition frugality cooperation and ignorance to get what they want White collar crime offenses that include elements of deceit but no physical force is used Embezzlement White collar crimes are very difficult to prevent Employers should screen their employees to prevent crimes from happening Credit card fraud is the most commonly reported form of Identity theft Credit card companies and their subscribers absorb 790 million loss annually Criminals will use credit cards in the following ways 1 Purchase an item w stolen credit card and sell it to fence to make cash 2 Take stolen card to bank for cash advance 3 Dishonest clerk prints two copies of bill and forges cardholder s signature Identity Theft is one of the fastest growing crimes of the new century ID theft is so profitable it accounts for losses up to 1 billion Criminals often obtain the victim s social security number date of birth bank account or credit card numbers Phishing criminals use emails and websites designed to look like those of well known legitimate businesses to get victims to disclose personal info bank account info or passwords All crime labs conduct extensive examination and analysis of questioned or disputed documents See slide 48 A seemingly insignificant document may offer many clues to trace back to a criminal Documents that have been charred can be rendered decipherable through chemical treatment Black lights are ultraviolet lights and are often used in criminalistics Criminalistic assistance in many larceny investigations commonly focuses on check and document examination Chapter 14 Narcotics Drug Investigations Drugs have been abused since ancient times Drug abuse the consumption of a controlled substance w out medical authorization Florida statute for narcotics 893 13 The American drug problem is not restricted to only criminals Narcotic drugs that produce a depressant effect on the central nervous system It is currently estimated that more than 13 million Americans are illegal drug users Derived from the opium poppy morphine heroin Cocaine differs from traditional narcotics in that it doesn t derive from the opium poppy The opium poppy is a beautiful flower that is used to make morphine codeine and Opium is used in the medical field to relieve pain suppress coughs and control and it is a stimulant heroin diarrhea The most frequent method of opium abuse is through smoking The abuser needs a small amount of opium a pipe and a heat source Narcotic tolerance needing a higher quantity of the drug to achieve the desired high Physical dependence is involuntarily achieved through continual use of a narcotic Withdrawal symptoms are serious and painful Drug addiction is a state of chronic dependence produced by repeated consumption of a substance A person addicted to drugs is affected physically through tolerance and withdrawal symptoms and affected mentally through psychological dependence Morphine generally is found in tablet or a white crystalline powder form It is 3 times stronger than opium It is typically used for medicinal uses but the addict will inject it with a needle Heroin is