Psych 100 1H Focus Questions Chapter 16 pp 613 end Class 34 11 13 2013 1 What is major depression and how does it differ from dysthymia How does depression relate to generalized anxiety disorder What are the possible causes of depression a Major depression severe symptoms that last essentially without remission for at least two weeks b Dysthymia less severe symptoms that last for at least 2 years c GAD i Predisposed by the same genes two disorders often occur in the same individuals ii 60 of people diagnosed with GAD also suffer from depression some point in time GAD usually before major depression d Cause of depression i Negative thought pattern 1 Hopelessness theory reflect or cause a Depression results from pattern of thinking about negative events i Disastrous consequences ii Reflects negative about self iii Cause of something that is stable and global ii Stressful experience 1 Loss 2 Kendler Twin Study iii Brain iv Evolution 1 Norepinephrine and serotonin 1 Exaggerated form of response to loss 2 Signal submissiveness and need for care 3 Seasonal affective disorder 2 Distinguish between Bipolar I and Bipolar II disorder Describe what occurs during manic and hypomanic stages Bipolar I disorder classic type one manic episode and one depressive episode Bipolar II disorder high phase is less extreme and is referred to as hypomania rather than mania a Mania i Expansive euphoric feelings elevated self esteem increased talkativeness decreased need for sleep enhanced energy and enthusiasm Increase in productivity ii iii Judgement becomes poor and behavior maladaptive 3 What are somatoform disorders particularly conversion disorders How is the brain implicated in these disorders How do emotions affect health especially heart disease and the immune system Somatoform disorders person experiences bodily ailments in the absence of physical disease could cause them Conversion disorders temporarily loses bodily function in a manner that cannot be explained in terms of physical damage i Motor or sensory areas become less active and limbic and prefrontal inhibit those areas and become active a Brain b Emotions i Health 1 Type A personalitly are at heightened risk of heart attacks 2 Stress shuts down immune system a More distress more likely to get sick 4 What is schizophrenia and what are the five main classes of symptoms of schizophrenia Distinguish between positive symptoms disorganized symptoms and negative symptoms of schizophrenia Positive a i Delusions hallucinations b Disorganized i Thought and Speech ii Behavior c Negative i Lack of expected behaviors 5 What are possible cognitive and neural deficits underlying schizophrenia What role does genetics play Include the term concordance in your response What are environmental causes of schizophrenia 6 How does the course of schizophrenia differ across cultures Across development a a