History Test 2 Andrew Jackson only president to pay off the national debt won the battle of new Orleans He supported Georgia in efforts to remove Cherokee He vetoed the re charter of the Second Bank of the US John C Calhoun South Carolina Senator advocate for state s rights limited government and nullification also was Andrew Jackson vice president Whig Party Party the opposed the Democrats who stood for protective tariffs national banking and federal aid for internal improvements Cherokee Nation v Georgia The Cherokee Nation was seeking a federal injunction against laws that were passed by the state of Georgia Worcester v Georgia ruled that the Cherokee tribe was independent from the US 1832 Jackson ignored it Indian Removal Act granted unsettled lands west of MI River in exchange for Indian lands within existing states Andrew Jackson was president during this act John Marshall American jurist and politician who served as the chief justice of the U S Supreme Court 1801 1835 and helped establish the practice of judicial review Maysville Road Veto proposed building a road in Kentucky Clay s state at federal expense which applied strict interpretation of the Constitution by saying that the federal government could not pay for internal improvements Nullification Crisis South Carolina threatened to leave the US Andrew Jackson used the army and threatened to have his vice president hung to prevent it Nullification idea regarding the right of a state to ignore a federal law they felt was harmful or unconstitutional Force Bill stated that the president could use the US military to enforce acts of congress Tariff of Abomination Also called Tariff of 1828 it raised the tariff on imported manufactured goods The tariff protected the North but harmed the South South said that the tariff was economically discriminatory and unconstitutional because it violated state s rights Compromise Tariff of 1833 A result of Henry Clay s efforts to soothe South Carolina s qualms about the Tariff of Abominations It caused South Carolina to withdraw the ordinance nullifying the Tariffs of 1828 and 1832 Both protectionists and anti protectionists accepted this compromise Bank War Jackson believed the Bank of US had too much power and was too rich Vetoed the 2nd Bank charter and withdrew gov t money from the US Banks and put it into pet banks Nicholas Biddle The scape goat who was believed to be the epitome of everything wrong with the central government Bank Veto Message Andrew Jackson s message to the Senate giving his reasons for his executive veto of the Act to reinstate the Bank of the United States namely that Jackson thought the bank to be unconstitutional Pet Banks state banks that were ran by Jackson supporters who received all of the federal deposits from the national bank Specie Circular Coined money which was usually gold or silver It was used to back paper money Trail of Tears Name given to the forced march of the Cherokees where 4 000 died as they travelled from the East to Indian Territory Texas Independence signed March 2nd 1836 and it listed a complaints of Texans to Mexican government stated that Texas has been denied rights in the constitution of 1824 and then declared itself and independent country from Mexico Santa Anna Mexican general who led Mexico as a dictator and led troops to attack at the Alamo The Alamo 13 day siege that involved an attack by Mexican troops under General Lopez de Santa Anna against Texans troops who were defending an old Spanish mission Texans were outnumbered and lost spirits were remembered Battle of San Jacinto battle with the Texans army under Sam Houston which involved defeat on Santa Anna gained their independence here Panic of 1837 The result was the economy was expanding too quickly with people borrowing large amounts of money Daniel Webster Senator of Massachusetts famous American politician orator advocated renewal opposed the financial policy of Jackson many of the principles of finance he spoke about were later incorporated in the Federal Reserve System later pushed for a strong union Jacksonian Democracy a government based on the common man 1820 to 1840 Independent Treasury removed the federal government from involvement with the nation s banking system by establishing federal depositories for public funds instead of keeping the money in national state or private banks Blackhawk War conflict fought between the Sac and Fox and the US in 1832 Seminole War Native American tribe in FLORIDA who raided settlements in Georgia Andrew Jackson sent to stop them and ends up taking Florida James Monroe 5th president from 1817 1825 Republican president during the Era of Good Feelings and convinced Napoleon to sell Louisiana Territory for fifteen million dollars The Era of Good Feelings Call this because we won the War of 1812 were united under 1 political party there was no sectionalism American business military and arts increased Convention of 1818 Was with England and shared Oregon territory and result was a 49 degree line was drawn between British Canada and the US Treaty of 1818 Treaty between Britain and America it allowed the Americans to share the Newfoundland fisheries with Canada established the Louisiana limits at the 49th parallel and gave both countries a joint occupation of the Oregon Territory for the next 10 years Second Bank of the United States issued paper money and increased the money supply Panic of 1819 economic panic deflation depression unemployment etc caused by over speculation in which the National Bank was involved west was hit the hardest McCulloch v Maryland Maryland tried to destroy a branch of the National Bank Marshall stops this by using the doctrine of implied powers This case showed that it was possible to sue a state Adams Onis Treaty 1819 agreement in which Spain gave over control of the territory of Florida to the United States Missouri Compromise Missouri applied for statehood in 1819 as a slave state but admission as a slave state would throw off balance of slave vs free House of Reps passed the Tallmadge Amendment no more slaves brought in Missouri and gradual emancipation of slave born children in that area In this compromise in 1820 Missouri was admitted as a slave state and Maine was admitted as a free state Also prohibits further slavery on remainder of Louisiana Purchase Monroe Doctrine This is a foreign policy that threatened Europe from coming over to the Western Hemisphere and trying to colonize new democracies We