CHAPTER 7 o c speed of light 3 0 x 108 m s o wavelength nm looks like the tidal wave o frequency s 1 or Hz c E h o E energy J o H Plank s Constant 6 26 x 10 34 Js o frequency s1 or Hz 1 R 1 m2 1 n2 o m n Bohrs orbits 1 2 3 m n o R Rydberg constant 1 097 x 107 m 1 o wavelength nm h mv o wavelength nm o h Plank s Constant 6 26 x 10 34 Js o m mass kg o v velocity m s Frequency number of peaks that pass a given point per unit of time Hz or s 1 Wavelength distance from top of 1 crest to another the distance per cycle nm Amplitude displacement from the axis highest measured from center of the wave Waves measures in m nm 10 9m pm 10 12m Quantized state electrons move to higher energy when they emit light get excited 3 Properties of Light 1 Wavelength 2 Amplitude 3 Frequency Proposed that electrons existed in orbits Electrons exist in QUNATI states cannot exist between states Mass 9 11 x 10 28kg 0 000349 amu Velocity 2 2 x 106 m s This is only 1 of the speed of light Bohr Electrons Aufbau Principle electrons in atoms occupy lowest energy state first Hunds rule maximum multiplicity Pauli Exclusion no 2 electrons have the same 4 quantum numbers n l ml ms Schrodinger Wave Equation H E H wavelength E energy wave funcion 2 probability of finding electron shape of wave fxn Solutions give us 3 quantum numbers Quantum Numbers 1 n principle quantum Bohr orbit o takes on the values of 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 corresponds to period in periodic table 2 l angular quantum number shape of probability function n 1 o values of 0 1 2 3 3 ml magnetic quantum number orientation o values l l 1 l 2 l 4 ms describes the spin of the electron o is either 1 2 or 1 2 SHORT HAND NOTATION n Bohr orbits equals the period that the element is in l 0 s orbital 1 p orbital 2 d orbital 3 f orbital ml 0 s orbital 1 0 1 2 1 0 1 2 Px Py Pz dxz dyz dxy dx 2 2 2 dz y 3 quant s 5 quant s Ms 1 2 or 1 2 Calculate the frequency of a photon with a wavelength of 401 nm Calculate the energy of a photon with a wavelength of 301 nm What is the energy of a mole of 301 nm photons What is the energy of a 4 15 x 1014 Hz photon What is the wavelength in meters of a radio wave broadcasting at 103 1mHz Calculate the wavelength of electron moving at 2 2 x 106m s Strasburg throws 102 mph fastball 45 6 m s The ball weighs 150 grams Calculate the wavelength of a Strasburg fastball Calculate the wavelength and energy of light emitted from a H atom relaxing from n 3 to n 1
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