Chapter 5 Database Management Systems TRUE FALSE 1 Business processes such as hiring employees purchasing inventory and collecting cash from customers are called events 2 The traditional applications approach to business event processing view of business event processing concentrates on the process being performed managing data 3 The database approach to business event processing in which facts about events are stored in relational database tables instead of separate files solves many of the problems caused by data redundancy 4 When different information about the same fact is stored in different files the integrity of the data is violated 5 A database management system DBMS is a set of standalone programs designed to complicate the tasks of creating accessing and 6 The database administrator is responsible for administrative and technical issues related to the database management system 7 The database management system containing data related to all an organization s applications supports normal data processing needs and enhances the organization s management activities by providing data useful to managers 8 Data independence refers to decoupling the data from the system applications and it is a major difference between the database approach and the applications approach 9 Classifying data refers to grouping or categorizing data according to some common attributes 10 Another name for sequential coding is block coding 11 The uniform product codes UPCs used by supermarkets and other retailers are examples of a block coding scheme 12 Both the mnemonic and the hierarchical coding schemes attach specific meaning to particular character positions 13 Because it uses alphabetic characters a sequential coding system is most understandable to human beings 14 A self checking digit code assigns an extra digit to a code in order to check the accuracy with which the code is keyed into a computer 15 The database approach to data management concentrates on the process being performed rather than on the data themselves 16 A DBMS is a set of integrated computer programs designed to simplify the tasks of creating accessing and managing a database 17 The applications approach to data management decouples the data from the applications or other users of the data 18 In the network database model a child record can have more than one parent record 19 A description of a portion of a schema is referred to as a subschema 20 A scanner is used to access a database and to produce inquiry reports 21 Data warehousing is the use of information systems facilities to focus on the collection organization integration and long term storage of entity wide data 22 Data redundancy allows non technical users to bypass the programmer and to access the database directly 23 Data mining refers to the exploration aggregation and analysis of large quantities of varied data from across the organization to better understand an organization s business processes trends within these processes and potential opportunities to improve the effectiveness and or efficiency of the organization 24 Specifications for a database are often depicted using entity relationship diagrams 25 A data model depicts user requirements for data expressed as a structure of entities and relationships among those entities 26 A secondary key uniquely identifies any row within a relational table 27 An attribute is equivalent to a field and may also be known as a row 28 In a hierarchical database model all record relationships are 3 N 29 In a hierarchical database model a child record may have more than one parent 30 In a relational database model data are logically organized into two dimensional tables 31 In a network database model data are logically organized into two dimensional tables 32 An object oriented database system is a database that allows both simple and complex objects to be stored using abstract data types 33 The normalization process involves various steps called normal forms that transform an original database design into an equivalent design 34 An unnormalized table is a table that contains repeating attributes or fields within each row or record 35 A relation is in second normal form 2NF if it does not contain repeating groups 36 A table is in first normal form 1NF if it has no partial dependencies that is no non key attribute is dependent on only a portion of the 37 Update anomalies are problems in a relation table caused by the existence of functional dependencies 38 A relation is in third normal form 3NF if it is in first normal form and no nonkey attribute is dependent on only a portion of the primary inheritance and encapsulation that is free of problems primary key key 39 A partial dependency happens when an attribute that is dependent on a portion of the primary key not on the entire key 40 An attribute is an item of data that characterizes an entity or relationship 41 Each relationship has a characteristic called a cardinality that shows the degree to which each entity participates in the relationship 42 Maximum cardinality is used to specify the minimum level of participation that one entity can have with another entity 43 A collection of data representing multiple occurrences of an object event or agent is known as a relation 44 A SQL is a powerful database language that can be used to define database systems query the database for information generate reports from the database and access databases from within programs using embedded commands 45 Groupware are information systems that assist managers with unstructured decisions and over the years have become almost synonymous with financial modeling and ad hoc querying 46 Executive information systems considered a subset of decision support systems provide managers with information in a format suitable for making a particular decision without requiring that the manager know how to operate the computer or how the data are stored in the organization s database 47 Decision support systems are software identified with Group Support Systems GSS and focuses on such functions as e mail group scheduling and document sharing 48 An expert system makes decisions based on rules of thumb heuristics that are stored in the system s knowledge base 49 A neural network is a software component integrated into a decision support system or other software tool that provides automated assistance and or advice on the use of the software factors that should be considered when using a system for decision